tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-65345776605772058792024-03-05T16:53:02.582-08:00Earth Chronicles ProjectThe Earth Chronicles Project is an educational documentary series produced for broadcast and educational venues, accompanied by exhibits at museums and other non-profit venues. They focus on art, ecological sustainability and cultural preservation and are co-produced by Ms. Fran Hardy, M.Ed., artist/educator and Bob Demboski, filmmaker. To see Ms. Hardy’s art focusing on ancient trees and forests go to: http://www.franhardy.com.
http://earthchroniclesproject.comFran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.comBlogger143125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-48018593394230633642013-04-26T15:01:00.000-07:002013-05-08T10:11:45.735-07:00Intriguing Diversity of the Earth Chronicles Project: New Mexico documentary and exhibition at the Santa Fe Art Institute<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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"Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico" exhibition</div>
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Our Earth Chronicles Project: New Mexico screening of the documentary in progress and exhibition of the artists interviewed in the documentary is presently up at the Santa Fe Art Institute 1600 St. Michael's Drive in Santa Fe. </div>
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The Earth Chronicles Project is the work of co-producers Fran Hardy and Bob Demboski</div>
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Curated by Fran Hardy, co-producer of the Earth Chronicles Project, environmental artist and filmmaker</div>
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Co-producer Bob Demboski, filmmaker and editor, exhibition design</div>
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<a href="http://www.sfai.org/">http://www.sfai.org</a></div>
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<a href="http://sfaiblog.org/2013/03/14/earth-chronicles-project-the-artists-process-new-mexico/#more-2100">http://sfaiblog.org/2013/03/14/earth-chronicles-project-the-artists-process-new-mexico/#more-2100</a></div>
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For more in depth info go to the SFAI blog link above.</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #373737; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: large; font-weight: 300; line-height: 24px;">Encore Screening of the documentary: May 13 at 6pm</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #373737; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; font-weight: 300; line-height: 24px;"></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Encore Screening and Q&A</strong> <em style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: italic; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">in partnership with the Nature Conservancy</em></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">With filmmakers Fran Hardy & Bob Demboski and Martha Schumann, Nature Conservancy Southwest New Mexico Field Representative</span><br />
For more information on this special screening<br />
<a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/events/earth-chronicles-project.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/events/earth-chronicles-project.xml</a></div>
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You can also view the documentary and a video installation on our inspiration in New Mexico in two small viewing rooms in the exhibition space if you are unable to attend the encore screening of the documentary.</div>
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Here is a map to reach SFAI:</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Some production stills from the documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico"</span></div>
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Interviewing Martha Schumann, New Mexico Nature Conservancy southwest field representative at the Gila Riparian Preserve </div>
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Fran interviewing Chimayo weaver Irvin Trujillo, NEA National Heritage Fellow of Centinela Traditional Arts</div>
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More pictures of the exhibition:</div>
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Recycled glass sculpture by Stacey Neff, ancient trees and native plants of New Mexico by Fran Hardy, Rio Grande/ Chimayo weaving by Irvin Trujillo</div>
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From left to right: native plants of New Mexico by Fran Hardy, weavings of the Two Grey Hills region from Toadlena Trading Post, recycled glass sculptures by Stacey Neff</div>
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Left to right: Constellation Series by Bill Gilbert, fiber art by Lauren Camp</div>
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Left to right: fiber art by Lauren Camp, photographs of Valles Caldera by Rourke McDermott</div>
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Artist's book by Lauren Camp</div>
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"Constellation Series" by Bill Gilbert</div>
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Left to right: "Kitchen Mesa 3" by Fran Hardy, weavings by Lisa and Irvin Trujillo</div>
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Left to right: weavings by Irvin and Lisa Trujillo, "Kitchen Mesa 4" by Fran Hardy</div>
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Photographs of Valles Caldera by Rourke McDermott</div>
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"Wind Season" by Lauren Camp</div>
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Installation by Catherine Page Harris</div>
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This is what Catherine has to say about the motivation for her installation:</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Helvetica;">The unifying idea is "reflection" -- the person can sit, the bird can perch. Each side of the desk can rise and fall with the temperature. A gas cylinder controlled arm moves them upwards if the ambient temperature is over 70 degrees or so. The expectation is that the indoor one would move less, being climate controlled, but it is possible that the solar gain of the window will move the arm more.</span></div>
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Left to right: native plants and trees of New Mexico by Fran Hardy, recycled glass sculptures by Stacey Neff</div>
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I have blogged about each of these artists individually on previous blogposts so go back to other blogposts to read more in depth writings about them.</div>
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Also to learn more about the artists and see more about the Earth Chronicles Project go to the links below:</div>
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Fran Hardy and the Earth Chronicles Project:</div>
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<a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.facebook.com/earthchroniclesproject">http://www.facebook.com/earthchroniclesproject</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a></div>
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<a href="https://www.facebook.com/fran.hardy.54?ref=tn_tnmn">https://www.facebook.com/fran.hardy.54?ref=tn_tnmn</a></div>
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Lauren Camp:</div>
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<a href="http://www.laurencamp.com/">http://www.laurencamp.com</a></div>
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<a href="https://www.facebook.com/LaurenCamp.WhichSilkShirt?fref=ts">https://www.facebook.com/LaurenCamp.WhichSilkShirt?fref=ts</a></div>
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Stacey Neff and the New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop:</div>
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<a href="http://www.nmegw.org/">http://www.nmegw.org/</a></div>
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<a href="https://www.facebook.com/stacey.k.neff?fref=ts">https://www.facebook.com/stacey.k.neff?fref=ts</a></div>
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Irvin and Lisa Trujillo and Centinela Traditional Arts:</div>
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<a href="http://www.chimayoweavers.com/">http://www.chimayoweavers.com/</a></div>
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<a href="https://www.facebook.com/centinela.arts?fref=ts">https://www.facebook.com/centinela.arts?fref=ts</a></div>
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Mark and Linda Winter, owners of Toadlena Trading Post present the weavings of the Two Grey Hills region:</div>
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<a href="http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/">http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/</a></div>
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Rourke McDermott:</div>
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<a href="http://www.rourkemcdermott.com/">http://www.rourkemcdermott.com</a></div>
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Bill Gilbert:</div>
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<a href="http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/">http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/</a></div>
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Catherine Page Harris:</div>
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<a href="http://art.unm.edu/people/faculty/harris.catherine.html">http://art.unm.edu/people/faculty/harris.catherine.html</a><br />
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For more information on the New Mexico Nature Conservancy's work in the Gila Riparian Preserve and the Mimbres River Preserves:<br />
<a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/the-gila-riparian-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/the-gila-riparian-preserve.xml</a><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;">The Gila Riparian Preserve protects more than 1,200 acres of the southwest's fragile riparian habitat and the verdant gallery woodland among the Gila River, the last of the southwest's major free-flowing rivers.<br /><br />In 2009, the Conservancy added four acres of important riverside habitat to the Gila Riparian Preserve. The new stretch inserts an important piece to this project area, which includes the preserve and more than 250,000 acres collaboratively managed by the Conservancy, local landowners, federal and state agencies and local organizations.<br /><br />The Conservancy's long-term vision for the preserve is simple: Let the river rediscover its natural floodplain and enable new cottonwoods and willows to spring up, providing habitat for neotropical migratory songbirds, especially southwest willow flycatcher—a species whose population is in trouble.<br /><br />The Gila River supports one of the highest concentrations of breeding birds in North America and an astonishing array of plant and animal life. In the river are found several fish, including the loach minnow and spikedace, which are federally listed as threatened. A host of other rare animal species also use the preserve's habitats.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;"> </span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 16px;"><a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/mimbres-river-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/mimbres-river-preserve.xml</a></span><br />
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In 1994, the Conservancy established the Mimbres River Preserve in southwestern New Mexico, near Silver City. The preserve is an irreplaceable riparian area covering 600 acres and five river miles. The river is a closed-basin desert stream—meaning its surface water never flows out of the Mimbres River basin. But over its 40-mile length, the Mimbres covers a wide and diverse landscape, from its headwaters near 10,000 feet in the Aldo Leopold Wilderness of the Gila National Forest to its terminus in the Chihuahuan Desert grasslands near the Mexican border.</div>
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The Mimbres watershed includes dense forests of Douglas fir and ponderosa pine, piñon-juniper savanna, desert grasslands, Chihuahuan desert scrub, riparian forests, cienegas (or marshes), springs and stream reaches that may be perennial, intermittent or ephemeral. The basin, located between the mountains of the Mogollon Rim, the Rio Grande watershed and the Chihuahuan Desert, has been alternatively isolated from and connected with other river systems over time. As a result, the Mimbres has evolved a remarkably diverse fauna and flora, including a handful of species, such as the Chihuahua chub, that are found nowhere else in the United States.</div>
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The waters of the Mimbres, replenished by abundant summer rainfall in the upper basin, also support an extensive network of cottonwood-willow forests, sacaton floodplain grasslands (a coarse perennial grass), hot and cold springs and other rare riparian communities.</div>
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The preserve was established not only for the characteristic riparian communities it supports but to conserve river habitat for the endangered Chihuahua chub and Chiricahua leopard frog. The chub and leopard frog have declined because of habitat degradation due to water withdrawals, river channelization, parasites and pathogens and the introduction of non-native fish species.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-87715511413078593282013-04-13T12:08:00.000-07:002013-04-13T12:08:50.800-07:00The Big Push: Mounting our exhibition and readying our documentary screening at the Santa Fe Art Insitute<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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In foreground Irvin and Lisa Trujillo, Katie Avery from SFAI and Fran Hardy</div>
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In background Mark and Linda Winter with Lani mounting Toadlena Trading Post's Navajo weavings of the Two Grey Hills Region</div>
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Opening Reception/ Screening of the Documentary at the Santa Fe Art Institute April 15th at 6pm</div>
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For directions and more details go to <a href="http://sfaiblog.org/2013/03/14/earth-chronicles-project-the-artists-process-new-mexico/">http://sfaiblog.org/2013/03/14/earth-chronicles-project-the-artists-process-new-mexico/</a> or <a href="http://www.sfai.org/">http://www.sfai.org</a></div>
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If you can't make it to the opening and screening on April 15th the show will be at SFAI April 15-May 17th 9am-5pm Monday through Friday with a small viewing room in the exhibition space to watch the documentary and also a video installation done by Bob Demboski. </div>
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Works being installed by Stacey Neff, Fran Hardy and the navajo weavers of the Two Grey Hills region from Toadlena Trading Post </div>
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The big push starts on Tuesday April 9th as we begin mounting our "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico" at the Santa Fe Art Institute. Bob is still also very busy getting the documentary in progress ready for screening at our opening reception. </div>
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Tuesday is very hectic with many of the artists coming to deliver their work at the same time while we work on arranging all of the work. This is a group effort. At NMHU Bob and I and the staff did most of the hanging but in this case many of the artists are glad to hang their own work, with our guidance on placement, since Santa Fe is accessible for many of them. Mark and Linda Winter drove all of the way from Toadlena Trading Post to work their magic on their portion of the exhibition and Irvin and Lisa Trujillo came in from Chimayo to hang their weavings. </div>
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The Santa Fe Art Institute mounts very important exhibitions but are glad to have the help as they operate with six full time employees who have to coordinate all of the work that goes into running this multi-faceted arts institute. </div>
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By the end of the day with so much going on and so much input from so many people Bob and I leave not sure whether the placement of the art thus far works for us, but coming in the next day with fresh eyes we are very pleased.</div>
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Thinking hard about placement and organizing all of the work, Mark Winter in the foreground with Lani and Fran in the background looking over our floor plan developed for the show, Stacey Neff's sculptures from recycled glass in the foreground also</div>
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Stacey Neff's sculptures and Fran Hardy's ancient trees and native plants of New Mexico mounted</div>
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Irvin and Lisa Trujillo of Centinela Traditional Arts mounting their Rio Grande/Chimayo weavings</div>
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More of Irvin and Lisa Trujillo's weavings with Mark Winter in the background mounting Toadlena's installation</div>
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The dynamic duo, Mark and Linda Winter of Toadlena Trading Post</div>
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We got into a spoof about the covered cases being called vitrines which Mark thought sounded an awful lot like latrine so he said he was going to the vitrine when he went off to the men's room.</div>
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Anyone know why they are called 'vitrines'? </div>
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Sounds French to me......</div>
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Katie Avery from SFAI, who is the one woman show mounting machine so I think she was very glad to have our help with the diversity and complexity of this exhibition. She is in front of some of my ancient trees being arranged for hanging,</div>
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My co-producer and partner Bob Demboski with his 'weapon' of choice for mounting work, the screw gun. We could never get all of this accomplished without collaborating on all of the aspects of this multi-faceted project.</div>
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David Camp installing Lauren Camp's work</div>
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David Camp mounting Lauren Camp's work with Bill Gilbert's Constellation series hung in the background. Bill Gilbert came in on Monday to hang his work taking time out from his very busy schedule as Lannan Endowed Chair of the Land Arts of the American West at UNM. Bill talks about this program that he founded at UNM in our documentary. </div>
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Bob 'surveying the situation'</div>
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It takes an incredible amount of planning and work to bring these projects together. These days of mounting the exhibition are only a small facet of what we have to do to bring all of this together for the "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico"</div>
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<a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com</a></div>
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To see the work of the artists featured in the show:</div>
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<a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a> Fran Hardy, environmental artist, filmmaker, curator</div>
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<a href="http://www.gcvmproductions.com/">http://www.gcvmproductions.com/</a> Bob Demboski filmmaker, co-producer of the Earth Chronicles Project</div>
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<a href="http://www.laurencamp.com/">http://www.laurencamp.com</a> Lauren Camp poet, fiber artist</div>
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<a href="http://www.chimayoweavers.com/">http://www.chimayoweavers.com/</a> Irvin and Lisa Trujillo Chimayo/Rio Grande weavers</div>
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<a href="http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/">http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/</a> Navajo weavers of the Two Grey Hills region</div>
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<a href="http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/">http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/</a> Bill Gilbert environmental artist, Lannan Endowed Chair of the Land Arts of the American West at UNM</div>
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<a href="http://rourkemcdermott.com/">rourkemcdermott.com</a> Rourke McDermott landscape architect at Valles Caldera National Preserve, photographer</div>
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<a href="http://staceyneff.com/sculpture.php">http://staceyneff.com/sculpture.php</a> Stacey Neff artist, founder and Executive Director of the New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop</div>
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<a href="http://cargocollective.com/landwork/Catherine-Page-Harris">http://cargocollective.com/landwork/Catherine-Page-Harris</a> Catherine Page Harris landscape architect, environmental artist, faculty of the Art and Ecology Program at UNM</div>
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I have had six solo museum exhibitions of my work across the country but through these projects I get the experience of 'being on the other side of the fence' as curator and co-producer selecting which artists will be featured in our film and exhibitions, that meet the criterion of art from the region we are covering which addresses the issues of art, ecological sustainability and cultural preservation. It is great being able to chose the art of passionate individuals that I find inspirational. I also curate the other individuals, groups and places that we feature in our documentary.</div>
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Fran Hardy </div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curator">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curator</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">A <b>curator</b> (from <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>curare</i></span> meaning "take care") is a manager or <a class="extiw" href="http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/overseer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #3366bb; text-decoration: none;" title="wikt:overseer">overseer</a>. Traditionally, a <b>curator</b> or <b>keeper</b> of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_heritage" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a> institution (e.g., <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_gallery" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Art gallery">gallery</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Museum">museum</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Library">library</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archive" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Archive">archive</a>) is a content specialist responsible for an institution's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection_(museum)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Collection (museum)">collections</a> and involved with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage_interpretation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Heritage interpretation">interpretation</a>of heritage material. The object of a traditional curator's concern necessarily involves tangible objects of some sort, whether it be artwork, collectibles, historic items or scientific collections. More recently, new kinds of curators are emerging: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_curation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Digital curation">curators of digital data objects</a> and<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocurator" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Biocurator">biocurators</a>.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">In smaller organizations, a curator may have sole responsibility for the acquisition and care of objects. The curator will make decisions regarding what objects to take, oversee their potential and documentations, conduct research based on the collection and history that provides propered <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packaging" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Packaging">packaging</a> of art for transportation, and share that research with the public and polymath community through <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exhibitions" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Exhibitions">exhibitions</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publications" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Publications">publications</a>. In very small volunteer-based museums, such as local historical societies, a curator may be the only paid staff member.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">In larger institutions, the curator's primary function is as a subject specialist, with the expectation that he or she will conduct original research on objects and guide the organization in its collecting. Such institutions can have multiple curators, each assigned to a specific collecting area (e.g. Curator of Ancient Art, Curator of Prints and Drawings, etc.) and often operating under the direction of a head curator. In such organizations, the physical care of the collection may be overseen by museum collections managers or museum conservators, and documentation and administrative matters (such as insurance and loans) are handled by a museum registrar.</span></div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-21138199860100948752013-03-29T09:00:00.001-07:002013-03-29T09:01:00.943-07:00Glass: Beyond Recycling to Innovation<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6v5HeTmS0PuBkCzwbzI3GeJShHM1h6GTF9VPPcuHxD9pUzlf1RQGBjQC6zVO2uYGaEVSsHA3MERNxgVmAgJX6LO7x377XoKzUDYs8XgTnRcsGcifVbva33SHOPJxy0Qomkg41IGzpT68m/s1600/Stacie+with+students02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6v5HeTmS0PuBkCzwbzI3GeJShHM1h6GTF9VPPcuHxD9pUzlf1RQGBjQC6zVO2uYGaEVSsHA3MERNxgVmAgJX6LO7x377XoKzUDYs8XgTnRcsGcifVbva33SHOPJxy0Qomkg41IGzpT68m/s400/Stacie+with+students02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Stacey Neff with the furnaces fired up at the New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop</div>
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It was one of those crisp clear New Mexico winter days when we visited Stacey Neff, Founder and Executive Director of the New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop. The doors were thrown open with the furnaces cranking out heat and glowing brightly full of glass.</div>
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<a href="http://www.nmegw.org/about.php">http://www.nmegw.org/about.php</a></div>
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Stacey was there with student interns and Patrick Morrissey, Facilities Director. </div>
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This is recycled glass beyond recycled glass as some of the glass they use can not be used in conventional glass recycling such as safety glass which makes a wonderful crevassed, translucent medium for sculpture in glass.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfZgCrg2DMz2u0Q4Q4ZfsXZehWRjzn45FeJQ1gigCZBjfC5Dx6ZUkIUqjEgo8LW613pp1euDTCy1ZK4ZmUz3klOdZBSD2Fk3a4rFcPXX-_RS_s87z4VwMz6ujxmQcjXEooGFMmQ6cJD2DZ/s1600/safety+glass+fused.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfZgCrg2DMz2u0Q4Q4ZfsXZehWRjzn45FeJQ1gigCZBjfC5Dx6ZUkIUqjEgo8LW613pp1euDTCy1ZK4ZmUz3klOdZBSD2Fk3a4rFcPXX-_RS_s87z4VwMz6ujxmQcjXEooGFMmQ6cJD2DZ/s400/safety+glass+fused.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Stacey has been working in glass for years and has exhibited her art internationally and received awards including a Pollock Krasner Grant and Bellinger Sculpture Award for her innovative use of glass media. </div>
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The New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop offers residencies to artists to expand applications for recycled glass and innovate in their use of these challenging recycled materials. All of the artists chosen for the fellowships are accomplished artists but many have never worked in the medium of glass. The New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop gives opportunities for fresh new uses and innovative solutions within the parameters of recycled glass which offers infinite approaches within what some might consider a limitation. It is this very limitation that creates works that are refreshingly different. Not only does Stacey give other artists and students the opportunity to experience working in hot glass but she also encourages the use of post consumer and industrial glass that otherwise could not be recycled and would go to the landfill. The labor intensive medium encourages exciting collaborations. Stacey's enthusiasm for what she does is palpable and infectious. </div>
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Patrick Morrissey, Facilities Director blowing hot glass</div>
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The glass workshop also offers workshops and studio time as well as internships.</div>
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Interviewing Stacey for our New Mexico Earth Chronicles documentary</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGcO_KhhPfnZV7NAyicOYQgpbl0zCGkXQuVZzALakJpMy1Hze_4dROokVgijMGu92EOzXV_fm0udHhyphenhyphenfNMXi2t_p_Iu1jdCCHdtR2hdHWaKGYkjHxHTJsIzRmiwp7dHLPBBfZZc_lb0_3L/s1600/Stacie-Fran+with+art+work+01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGcO_KhhPfnZV7NAyicOYQgpbl0zCGkXQuVZzALakJpMy1Hze_4dROokVgijMGu92EOzXV_fm0udHhyphenhyphenfNMXi2t_p_Iu1jdCCHdtR2hdHWaKGYkjHxHTJsIzRmiwp7dHLPBBfZZc_lb0_3L/s640/Stacie-Fran+with+art+work+01.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Interviewing Stacey with some of her unique work in post industrial and post consumer recycled glass</div>
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Her work combines a rough hewn feeling from the recycled glass pours to an evanescent quality in the blown recycled glass. I found that Stacey's work 'crept up' on me and the longer I looked at it the more compelling it became. It is so different than glass work that is planned and then executed using more 'polished' materials. The look and the usage are so dictated by the use of recycled glass but that is the very thing that drives the work to more unusual and compelling solutions.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06YIFnJuncHJNst0ErqSER6yI0s7KXRdhP3gcj3soI5FFH4ACFG0b25nz0GPwbnX_2hJJMUhIbtUaOJJgj8BvNq7a__8duQzrcBnJYpEsC-uiLDJ6xkX7WckBP0TfXaa8rgD9DkYxZaMZ/s1600/Stacie+working+01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06YIFnJuncHJNst0ErqSER6yI0s7KXRdhP3gcj3soI5FFH4ACFG0b25nz0GPwbnX_2hJJMUhIbtUaOJJgj8BvNq7a__8duQzrcBnJYpEsC-uiLDJ6xkX7WckBP0TfXaa8rgD9DkYxZaMZ/s640/Stacie+working+01.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Stacey shaping and detaching a blown piece for her work</div>
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Some of Stacey's work from her 'Cin Sere Series' which will be featured in our Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico group exhibition at the Santa Fe Art Institute April 15-May 17.</div>
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We will be airing the documentary in progress at the Santa Fe Art Institute April 15 at 6pm with a Q and A with the filmmakers and the artists as well as a reception for the opening of the exhibition. </div>
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<a href="http://www.sfai.org/">http://www.sfai.org</a></div>
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Some pictures of pieces from Stacey's Sin Cere Series as well as details of the work:</div>
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<a href="http://www.nmegw.org/">http://www.nmegw.org/</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Making the specialized craft media of hot glass accessible to artists through progressive programming. </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fellowships, residencies, studio time, internships</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Utilizing and innovating with cast and blown works using post industrial glass and post commercial glass from the City of Santa Fe Solid Waste Management Agency</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.sfai.org/">http://www.sfai.org</a></div>
<div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #373737; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 1.625em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="font-style: italic;">Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist’s Process: </i><i style="font-style: italic;">New Mexico</i></strong><br />
An Exhibition, Film Screening, and Poetry Workshop</div>
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<b></b><strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Screening, Q&A, and Exhibition Opening</strong><br />
With Fran Hardy & Bob Demboski<br />
Monday, April 15, 2013<br />
6pm @ SFAI<br />
$10 general | $5 students/seniors</div>
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<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Exhibition</strong><br />
April 16 – May 17<br />
9am – 5pm @ SFAI<br />
free</div>
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<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="font-style: italic;">The Sound of Sunset: How to Write About the Edge of Time</i><i style="font-style: italic;"></i></strong><br />
<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">An <i style="font-style: italic;">Earth Chronicles</i> Poetry Workshop</strong><br />
With Lauren Camp<br />
Thursday, May 9<br />
6:30 – 8:30pm<br />
SFAI<br />
$25</div>
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<i style="font-style: italic;">Santa Fe, NM</i><i style="font-style: italic;"> </i>–The Santa Fe Art Institute (SFAI) is pleased to welcome – as part of the SFAI’s 2013 season of public programming, <i style="font-style: italic;">Contested Space</i><b> </b>– an exhibition, film screening, and poetry workshop as part of the <strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="font-style: italic;">Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist’s Process: New Mexico</i>.</strong></div>
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<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">About <i style="font-style: italic;">Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist’s Process: New Mexico:</i></strong><br />
This exhibition is unique in that its content is inspired by a documentary. It features diverse artists and creative individuals who share a passionate relationship to their cultures and<span id="more-2100" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>the environment.</div>
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The documentary and exhibition will be at the Santa Fe Art Institute April 15 to May 17, 2013 with an airing of the documentary further along in its progress of being completed on April 15, 2013 at 6pm and a Q&A with the filmmakers and some of the individuals interviewed in the documentary. This is an exceptional opportunity to have a glimpse into the co-producers’ creative process and see the dynamic exhibition that is an outgrowth of this exciting project.</div>
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<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i style="font-style: italic;">Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist’s Process: New Mexico</i></strong> explores the art of the documentary producer, environmental artist, and curator of the exhibition, Fran Hardy, whose featured artworks on native plants and trees were inspired by her travels around New Mexico while shooting the documentary. Other exceptional New Mexico artists featured in the film and exhibit include Catherine Harris, Bill Gilbert, Lauren Camp, Rourke McDermott, Irvin and Lisa Trujillo, the Navajo weavers of the Two Grey Hills region and Stacey Neff and the New Mexico Experimental Glass Workshop. Through their art, each of these artists reveals what New Mexico’s culture and environment means to them.</div>
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Dane Pollei, Director and Chief Curator of the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art said about the Earth Chronicles Project in Oklahoma and the exhibit at their museum, “The exhibit illustrates both the beauty and history of the state as well as highlighting the need for conservation of our natural resources.”</div>
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“We promise you an exciting journey through a state that is far more diverse than most people realize. Be prepared to meet inspiring and passionate individuals and unique places you may never have dreamed of,” said Fran Hardy.</div>
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The documentary will highlight Fran Hardy’s environmental art on native plants and trees of New Mexico; Toadlena Trading Post and the Navajo weavers of the Two Grey Hills region; The Nature Conservancy’s Gila and Mimbres Riparian Preserves; Irvin Trujillo, Chimayo/Rio Grande weaver and NEA National Heritage Fellow; Bill Gilbert, environmental artist and Lannan Endowed Chair of the Art and Ecology department at University of New Mexico; Catherine Harris, artist and landscape architect, faculty of UNM Art and Ecology Department; Lauren Camp, fiber artist and poet; Rulan Tangen, founder of Dancing Earth Intertribal Dance Company; Stacey Neff, founder of the Experimental Glass Workshop; Judith Phillips, writer and landscape designer who specializes in drought tolerance and xeriscaping; Rourke McDermott, Landscape Architect at Valles Caldera National Preserve; Santa Fe Community College’s Alternative Trades and Technology Center’s implementation of sustainable energy.</div>
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Fran Hardy, M.Ed., artist and educator, and Bob Demboski, filmmaker, are producing a series of documentaries that illustrate the intersection of art, creativity, ecological sustainability, and cultural preservation in different regions of the United States.</div>
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The documentaries and exhibits also include accompanying educational curriculum for grades 3-12. Fran’s work has been featured in six solo museum exhibitions including a retrospective and two traveling exhibits. Bob comes from a long career in television and filmmaking with such clients as The Oprah Show, Bravo, Discovery Channel, HBO, and behind the scenes work on feature films.</div>
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Combining their unique skills to produce educational documentaries, Fran and Bob interview a variety of creative individuals in different professions about their approach to conserving the environment. The documentarians also visit those places that tell a unique story about the conservation and preservation of natural beauty and resources. Through their work, Fran and Bob hope to offer creative solutions to conservation and inspire action.</div>
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For more information about the documentary or the exhibit:<br />
<a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #1982d1; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com</a><br />
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/earthchroniclesproject" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #1982d1; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.facebook.com/earthchroniclesproject</a><br />
<a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.blogspot.com/" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #1982d1; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.blogspot.com</a>to follow the co-producers of the documentary around the state of New Mexico filming.</div>
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To see Fran Hardy’s work visit <a href="http://www.franhardy.com/" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #1982d1; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.franhardy.com</a></div>
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<a href="http://earth911.com/recycling/glass/">http://earth911.com/recycling/glass/</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px;">Glass is one of the few materials that can be recycled infinitely without losing strength, purity or quality. Glass bottles and jars are collected in most U.S. communities at the curb, at drop-off collection sites and through container deposit programs in 10 states. Check your local program to find out how you can recycle glass containers.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div>
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<b>Glass</b> is an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_solid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Amorphous solid">amorphous</a> (non-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Crystal">crystalline</a>) solid material that exhibits a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Glass transition">glass transition</a>. Glasses are typically <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittle" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Brittle">brittle</a> and optically <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Transparency and translucency">transparent</a>.</div>
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The most familiar type of glass, used for centuries in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Window">windows</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_glassware" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="List of glassware">drinking vessels</a>, is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soda-lime_glass" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Soda-lime glass">soda-lime glass</a>, composed of about 75% <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Silicon dioxide">silica</a> (SiO<sub style="line-height: 1em;">2</sub>) plus<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_oxide" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sodium oxide">sodium oxide</a> (Na<sub style="line-height: 1em;">2</sub>O) from soda ash, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_oxide" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Calcium oxide">lime</a> (CaO), and several minor additives. Often, the term <i>glass</i> is used in a restricted sense to refer to this specific use.</div>
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In science, however, the term <i>glass</i> is usually defined in a much wider sense, including every solid that possesses a non-crystalline (i.e.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_solid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Amorphous solid">amorphous</a>) structure and that exhibits a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_transition" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Glass transition">glass transition</a> when heated towards the liquid state. In this wider sense, glasses can be made of quite different classes of materials: metallic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alloy" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Alloy">alloys</a>, ionic melts, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqueous_solution" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Aqueous solution">aqueous solutions</a>, molecular liquids, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Polymer">polymers</a>. For many applications (<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_Bottles" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Glass Bottles">bottles</a>,<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyewear_(disambiguation)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Eyewear (disambiguation)">eyewear</a>) polymer glasses (<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acrylic_glass" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Acrylic glass">acrylic glass</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarbonate" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Polycarbonate">polycarbonate</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_terephthalate" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Polyethylene terephthalate">polyethylene terephthalate</a>) are a lighter alternative to traditional silica glasses.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-57534309040240948652013-01-20T16:08:00.000-08:002013-01-20T16:08:22.647-08:00Volcanic Majesty at Valles Caldera National Preserve<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Production stills from Fran Hardy interviewing Rourke McDermott at Valles Caldera National Preserve where he is the landscape architect</div>
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Valles Caldera is a spectacular landscape formed by the eruption of a volcano and the collapse of its cone creating a massive verdant valley surrounded by the the Jemez Mountains. It is a breathtaking place and we went there to visit the History Grove with its ancient ponderosa pines and see the preserve with Rourke as well as to hear about how a landscape architect helps to protect and preserve this very special place.</div>
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Production still: Looking from the edge of the History Grove into the valley</div>
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Yes, Fran is a tree-hugger and that is one of the reasons she chose the History Grove as a place to include in our shoot for "Earth Chronicles Project: New Mexico".</div>
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Fran grabbing stills for paintings she will do of the magnificent trees of the History Grove</div>
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"Ponderosa Pine" by Fran Hardy, 48" x 38", colored pencil on acrylic ground on panel</div>
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If you hug a ponderosa pine you will smell the wonderful vanilla odor that its bark has.</div>
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Our documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico" will contain a fascinating interview with Rourke at Valles Caldera as well as an insider's look at this magnificent </div>
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Rourke is a very fine photographer also and all of the images below are his photographs of Valles Caldera which are also included in our exhibitions at New Mexico Highlands University, Burris Hall in Las Vegas, New Mexico January 14- February 14 with a reception January 31st from 5-7pm and an airing of the documentary in progress at 7pm. </div>
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Santa Fe Art Institute will be airing our documentary April 15 and hosting our exhibition April 15- May 17. </div>
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copyright Rourke McDermottt</div>
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copyright Rourke McDermott</div>
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copyright Rourke McDermott</div>
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<a href="http://www.vallescaldera.gov/comevisit/">http://www.vallescaldera.gov/comevisit/</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia, times, serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px;">The Valles Caldera National Preserve was a private ranch until 2000, when Congress created it from a well-known ranch known as “the Baca Ranch” in New Mexico’s volcanic Jemez Mountain Range. This 89,000 acre property is situated inside a collapsed crater. Studded with eruptive domes and featuring Redondo Peak (11,254 feet), this old ranch property is now being developed to explore a new way of managing public lands.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: georgia, times, serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 20px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valles_Caldera">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valles_Caldera</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b>Valles Caldera</b> (or <b>Jemez Caldera</b>) is a 12 mi (19 km) wide <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caldera" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caldera">volcanic caldera</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jemez_Mountains" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Jemez Mountains">Jemez Mountains</a> of northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>. It is one of only six known land-based <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supervolcano" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Supervolcano">supervolcanoes</a>. The highest point in the caldera is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redondo_Peak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Redondo Peak">Redondo Peak</a>, an 11,258 foot <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lava_dome" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Lava dome">resurgent lava dome</a> located entirely within the caldera. Also within the caldera, <b>Valle Grande</b> (<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;"><small>local</small> <small>pronunciation:</small> <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English">/</a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/ˈ/ primary stress follows">ˈ</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/aɪ/ long 'i' in 'bide'">aɪ</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/./ syllable break">.</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/eɪ/ long 'a' in 'base'">eɪ</span></a></span> <span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/ˈ/ primary stress follows">ˈ</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/ɑː/ 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/eɪ/ long 'a' in 'base'">eɪ</span></a></span><span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English">/</a></span></span>; <span class="Unicode" title="English pronunciation respelling"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pronunciation_respelling_key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Pronunciation respelling key"><i><b><span class="smallcaps"><span class="SMALLCAPS" style="font-variant: small-caps;"><span class="NOCAPS" style="text-transform: lowercase;">vy</span></span></span></b>-ay</i></a></span> <span class="Unicode" title="English pronunciation respelling"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Pronunciation_respelling_key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Pronunciation respelling key"><i><b><span class="smallcaps"><span class="SMALLCAPS" style="font-variant: small-caps;"><span class="NOCAPS" style="text-transform: lowercase;">grahn</span></span></span></b>-day</i></a></span>) is the largest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass_valley" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Grass valley">valle</a> in the park and the only one with a paved road.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://www.geotimes.org/july07/article.html?id=Travels0707.html">http://www.geotimes.org/july07/article.html?id=Travels0707.html</a></span></div>
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Spending a day in the quiet expanse of the <a href="http://www.geotimes.org/july07/article.html?id=Travels0707.html#links" style="color: black;">Valles Caldera National Preserve</a> is worth the effort of booking reservations and getting to this remote location. Hidden beyond Los Alamos in the New Mexico Jemez Mountain Range, the 360-square-kilometer (89,000-acre) preserve is a secret garden enclosed by a geologic wonder, just two and a half hours from the Albuquerque airport. From Albuquerque, the highway winds through pueblos and red rock canyons before it reaches Jemez Springs and the preserve.</div>
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The Valles Caldera is one of three active calderas in the United States. It encircles a field of volcanoes whose resurgent domes partition the 22-kilometer-wide caldera into five sections, or valles, which means valleys without trees in Spanish. The largest of these, Valle Grande, is almost 10 kilometers long and six kilometers wide. A magma chamber seethes five kilometers below the idyllic grasslands that shroud the surface of the Valle Grande. The eruptions formed the caldera roughly 1.2 million years ago, when the volcanic field expelled more than 750 cubic kilometers of ash and lava. Ash deposits contributed tuft to the surrounding Jemez Mountains, and the landscape sank back in on itself to form the vast bowl of the Valles Caldera.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_architecture">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_architecture</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><b>Landscape architecture</b> is the design of outdoor public areas, landmarks, and structures to achieve environmental, social-behavioral, or aesthetic outcomes. It involves the systematic investigation of existing social, ecological, and geological conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of interventions that will produce the desired outcome. The scope of the profession includes: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_design" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Urban design">urban design</a>; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_planning" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Site planning">site planning</a>; stormwater management; town or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_planning" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a>; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Natural environment">environmental</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_restoration" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecological restoration">restoration</a>; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Park">parks</a> and recreation planning; visual resource management; green infrastructure planning and provision; and private <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estate_(land)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Estate (land)">estate</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="House">residence</a> landscape master planning and design; all at varying scales of design, planning and management. A practitioner in the profession of landscape architecture is called a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_architect" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Landscape architect">landscape architect</a>.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><i><b>Pinus ponderosa</b></i>, commonly known as the <b>Ponderosa Pine</b>, <b>Bull Pine</b>, <b>Blackjack Pine</b>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Moore2008_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-Moore2008-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> or <b>Western Yellow Pine</b>, is a very large pine tree of variable habit <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_plant" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Native plant">native</a> to western North America, but widespread throughout the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperateness" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Temperateness">temperate</a> world. It was first described by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Douglas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="David Douglas">David Douglas</a> in 1826, from eastern Washington near present-day <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spokane,_Washington" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Spokane, Washington">Spokane</a>. It is the official state tree of the State of Montana.</span></div>
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<i>P. ponderosa</i> is a large <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinophyta" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pinophyta">coniferous</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evergreen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Evergreen">evergreen</a> tree. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bark">bark</a> helps to distinguish it from other species. Mature individuals have cinnamon-red bark with black crevices. Younger trees have black to reddish-brown bark. The tree can often be identified by its characteristic long needles that grow in tufts of two to four (or five)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> depending on subspecies.</div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 19px;">Size</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">
Sources differ on the scent. Some state that it has no distinctive scent,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-schoenherr_3-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-schoenherr-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> while others state that the bark smells like vanilla if sampled from a furrow of the bark.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> Sources agree that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_Pine" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Jeffrey Pine">Jeffrey Pine</a> is more strongly scented than the Ponderosa Pine.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-schoenherr_3-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-schoenherr-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">5</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div>
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The National Register of Big Trees lists a Ponderosa Pine that is 235 ft (72 m) tall and 324 in (820 cm) in circumference.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> In January 2011, a Pacific Ponderosa Pine in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siskiyou_National_Forest" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Siskiyou National Forest">Siskiyou National Forest</a> in Oregon was measured with a laser to be 268.35 ft (81.79 m) high. The measurement was performed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Taylor_(forester)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Michael Taylor (forester)">Michael Taylor</a> and <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mario_Vaden&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #ba0000; text-decoration: none;" title="Mario Vaden (page does not exist)">Mario Vaden</a>, a professional arborist from Oregon. The tree was climbed on October 13, 2011, by Ascending The Giants (a tree climbing company in Portland, Oregon) and directly measured with tape-line at 268.29 ft (81.77 m) high.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinus_ponderosa#cite_note-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> This is now the tallest known pine. The previous tallest known pine was a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_Pine" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sugar Pine">Sugar Pine</a>.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-51340423099057513352013-01-10T17:43:00.002-08:002013-01-13T07:37:52.320-08:00New Mexico exhibition installation already garnering enthusiasm<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Yesterday was spent a Burris Hall at New Mexico Highlands University helping with the installation of our exhibition "Earth Chronicles Project: New Mexico"</div>
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It was a long day but very satisfying, as by the time we left well after dark hours later almost all of the art was on the walls except for Catherine Harris's installation on foraging that she will install this Saturday. There is still lots left to do with lighting, wall tags, PR and advertising and other final details. Kirk Naegele, preparator for the NMHU gallery pictured above on the left was invaluable. He also designed a beautiful poster for our exhibit. Bob is on the right preparing the scrim for a video installation that will be projected on the scrim near the ceiling hanging down for about two feet and ten feet across.</div>
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These pictures will take you through our process of installing.</div>
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Milt from NMHU repairing and painting a sculpture stand for Lauren Camps 7 foot long piece </div>
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"Disappear the Stars", an artist's book about a proposed development that would have affected the rural quality of the La Cienega community she lives in with her husband David. Bob still working on that projection scrim.</div>
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Kirk starting to hang some of my ancient New Mexico trees. Mark and Linda Winter of The Toadlena Trading Post are up front starting to arrange the display case of the Navajo weavings of the Two Grey Hills region.</div>
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Kirk and Milt discussing technical details</div>
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Unpacking and arranging Bill Gilbert's pieces from his "Walking the Grid" and "Constellation" series, which will have QR codes so that anyone with a smart phone can walk along with Bill and hear his adventures creating these series in New Mexico and the southwest as well as Australia, where you can hear his encounter with an emu.</div>
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Working on the wall of Lauren Camp's fiber and mixed media pieces which will also include some of her lyrical poetry.</div>
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Bob with that scrim again and Lauren Camp's work behind him</div>
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Bob talking with Mark Winter in the background who made the long drive from Toadlena in the far west of New Mexico to install the Navajo weavings of the Two Grey Hills region and The Toadlena Trading Post. We were so glad Mark and Linda came as they had a very complex installation and wanted to make sure it looked dynamic which it did.</div>
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Mark takes a banana break and confers with his wife and partner Linda and his daughter Marina.</div>
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Personally I relied on staying highly caffeinated with coffee. But you won't see my tweaking and giving my input since I took these pictures. So no Fran Hardy in these pictures. She's behind the camera which is what Bob does when shooting our documentaries with me as the on-camera host and interviewer.</div>
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Bob figuring out how best to install the projection scrim while Mark works hard on their display.</div>
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Bob surveying the installation of Lauren Camp, Bill Gilbert and my work.</div>
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Mark Winter's finished installation for The Toadlena Trading Post. It is dense with information and wonderful work which makes a great counterpoint to the rest of the show and Irvin and Lisa Trujillo's weavings in the opposite case which are hung with a lot more space around them. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivgy0cV5nVSzbvDARcrF_MYC5jmOPMCNyy3zIDsrcYmGAHPiwej5KJqoFpES1uCOSq9lEm7YUv9-SytncQc6evxEH9WlTBabdgJFrSasXvW7Qqj5T51gaVobfwhFPv5Wf8RJJbh4vr2MUM/s1600/DSCN2993.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivgy0cV5nVSzbvDARcrF_MYC5jmOPMCNyy3zIDsrcYmGAHPiwej5KJqoFpES1uCOSq9lEm7YUv9-SytncQc6evxEH9WlTBabdgJFrSasXvW7Qqj5T51gaVobfwhFPv5Wf8RJJbh4vr2MUM/s640/DSCN2993.JPG" width="640" /></a></div>
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detail from The Toadlena Trading Post display. The weavings of the Two Grey Hills all use the natural colors of the wool from the sheep creating a subtle but dynamic palette.</div>
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Irvin and Lisa Trujillo's dynamic colorful weavings in their display case with the rich tradition of the Chimayo/ Rio Grande weaving with their innovative contemporary touches and influences. Irv and Lisa have a beautiful shop in Chimayo called Centinela Traditional Arts.</div>
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Front of gallery with the two display cases of weavings, note the scrim with the projection near the ceiling. The lighting still has to be worked on so that the projection will be visible enough. </div>
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Bob takes a moment to survey my ancient trees and how they are hung. The pink sticky notes on the wall are so that Kirk will know which wall tags to put next to each one. We artists are good at making up obscure titles for our work that no one else could guess and I have learned to have the artists send me jpgs with titles and other details of their work below them for the preparator to use to match wall tags with the work.</div>
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Two of Rourke McDermott's photographs. Rourke is the landscape architect at Valles Caldera National Preserve and takes striking photographs of its magnificent landscape.</div>
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We can't wait to see Catherine Harris's installation at the front of the gallery on foraging to be installed this upcoming weekend.</div>
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Kirk called us today that people walking through the gallery are already responding enthusiastically to the show not yet fully installed and said it is one of the best they have seen there. How gratifying to us after all our hard work.</div>
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The show opens January 14 and runs until February 14 with a reception with the artists January 31st from 5-7 and then an airing of the documentary in progress which Bob is still furiously editing at Ilfeld Auditorium next door at 7pm. We will be shooting some more segments in February to create what will probably be two one hour shows.</div>
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If you can't make it to NMHU we will be at the Santa Fe Art Institute for the month of April with an airing of the documentary probably still in process April 15th. If you love this kind of show come to both as the gallery spaces dictate different installations of work which is part of our challenge in curating, designing and mounting these shows.</div>
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But plan a day trip to Las Vegas, New Mexico and come to the opening as it is a fun historic town to tour with a real New Mexico flavor.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico_Highlands_University">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico_Highlands_University</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b>New Mexico Highlands University</b> (<b>NMHU</b>) is a public <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="University">university</a> located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Las Vegas, New Mexico">Las Vegas</a>, </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;">The university was first established as <b>New Mexico Normal School</b> in 1893, with the prominent <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Archaeology">archaeologist</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Lee_Hewett" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Edgar Lee Hewett">Edgar Lee Hewett</a> serving as its first president. The institution became <b>New Mexico Normal University</b> in 1902, and then New Mexico Highlands University in 1941, as it expanded its role beyond teacher education. Today, NMHU offers graduate and undergraduate programs in arts and sciences, business, education, and social work.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;">Located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Las Vegas, New Mexico">Las Vegas</a>, a city with a population of about 16,000, Highlands’ main campus is close to recreational and wilderness areas, and within an hour's drive of Santa Fe and 2 hours from Albuquerque.</span></div>
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</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">
The majority of the school's approximately 2,800 students are from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a> and are <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latino" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Latino">Latino</a>. Highlands’ programs focus on its multi-ethnic student body, especially the Latino and American Indian cultures distinctive of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>.</div>
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<a href="http://www.nmhu.edu/">http://www.nmhu.edu/</a></div>
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To find out more about the Santa Fe Art Institute:</div>
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<a href="http://www.sfai.org/aboutsfai.html">http://www.sfai.org/aboutsfai.html</a></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curator">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curator</a></div>
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">A <b>curator</b> (from <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><i>curare</i></span> meaning "take care") is a manager or <a class="extiw" href="http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/overseer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #3366bb; text-decoration: none;" title="wikt:overseer">overseer</a>. Traditionally, a <b>curator</b> or <b>keeper</b> of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_heritage" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a> institution (e.g., <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_gallery" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Art gallery">gallery</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Museum">museum</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Library">library</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archive" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Archive">archive</a>) is a content specialist responsible for an institution's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection_(museum)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Collection (museum)">collections</a> and involved with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage_interpretation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Heritage interpretation">interpretation</a> of heritage material. The object of a traditional curator's concern necessarily involves tangible objects of some sort, whether it be artwork, collectibles, historic items or scientific collections. More recently, new kinds of curators are emerging: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_curation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Digital curation">curators of digital data objects</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biocurator" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Biocurator">biocurators</a></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://www.laurencamp.com/">http://www.laurencamp.com</a></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/LaurenCamp.WhichSilkShirt">http://www.facebook.com/LaurenCamp.WhichSilkShirt</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/fran.hardy">http://www.facebook.com/fran.hardy</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.facebook.com/EarthChroniclesProject">http://www.facebook.com/EarthChroniclesProject</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/">http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://art.unm.edu/people/faculty/harris.catherine.html">http://art.unm.edu/people/faculty/harris.catherine.html</a></div>
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<a href="http://catherinepageharris.com/">http://catherinepageharris.com</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.chimayoweavers.com/">http://www.chimayoweavers.com/</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.facebook.com/centinela.arts">http://www.facebook.com/centinela.arts</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/">http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.vallescaldera.gov/about/trust/docs/AnnualReportCongress2011.pdf">http://www.vallescaldera.gov/about/trust/docs/AnnualReportCongress2011.pdf</a></div>
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http://catherinepageharris.com</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-76807768092050445472012-12-15T13:29:00.002-08:002012-12-15T13:29:57.547-08:00Glorious Weavings of Irvin and Lisa Trujillo<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGl67yZDVJmG40Q43AmIk0xxidwxtnnjTj3QdbIOeZyEbPwS1fzFep_4ZbX1rpCC206WpDIPOaaTgzd_hdf2ExUkdgx1Frwlt3xuUOhGUnd4TwJtNEhhlUh20L2JxUftocgxiK23Oq5YtD/s1600/Buscando+la+Malinche-+Smithsonian+museum+of+American+History.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGl67yZDVJmG40Q43AmIk0xxidwxtnnjTj3QdbIOeZyEbPwS1fzFep_4ZbX1rpCC206WpDIPOaaTgzd_hdf2ExUkdgx1Frwlt3xuUOhGUnd4TwJtNEhhlUh20L2JxUftocgxiK23Oq5YtD/s640/Buscando+la+Malinche-+Smithsonian+museum+of+American+History.jpg" width="411" /></a></div>
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Buscando la Malinche by Irvin Trujillo</div>
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permanent collection of the Smithsonian</div>
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Irvin and Lisa Trujillo are impressive weavers who have kept the Rio Grande weaving tradition alive as well as combining traditional Chimayo weaving design with very contemporary and unique motifs and designs all their own. Irvin is an National Endowment for the Arts National Heritage Fellow. Both Irv and Lisa have received numerous awards for their weavings. Irv just received Best of Show at the most recent Spanish Market in Santa Fe.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilV223ZIXGzi6_EVJcMBztVfLRV3UIj8Chzqn-GaLvx7AI86piS8_za9Gj7tttfq-oqo4dAjUBQq1TWSXxAKy6lBt8dGfx4yHzCFQvgLysgf_qIgzjfL7J5NBnvVQfQm-F4XnCmmLLYxup/s1600/Irvin+and+Lisa+Spanish+Market+2007.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilV223ZIXGzi6_EVJcMBztVfLRV3UIj8Chzqn-GaLvx7AI86piS8_za9Gj7tttfq-oqo4dAjUBQq1TWSXxAKy6lBt8dGfx4yHzCFQvgLysgf_qIgzjfL7J5NBnvVQfQm-F4XnCmmLLYxup/s400/Irvin+and+Lisa+Spanish+Market+2007.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Irv and Lisa at Spanish Market</div>
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We were excited to interview Irv at their magnificent store and studio in Chimayo called Centinela Traditional Arts <a href="http://www.chimayoweavers.com/">http://www.chimayoweavers.com/</a> where they showcase not only their own work but also promote the work of other Chimayo weavers. The store is an absolute color lovers dream and the craftsmanship in their weavings is awesome. They are both smart, articulate, talented and down to earth people who are so enjoyable to be around.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb919v6-HtpWh_DghwRfEEy1lXdJjMQOjvzmx-5SXptsxe0GOzAhiOWpnmtIhUrRLOSS1-mMdz6u_QtsIsNKrOws8Oe0x68P84Sc5uJjShbRym_Uztzt3LAGS_2s6SyqzmJZ6TJvEt9hE_/s1600/+Fran+Interviewing+Irv.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb919v6-HtpWh_DghwRfEEy1lXdJjMQOjvzmx-5SXptsxe0GOzAhiOWpnmtIhUrRLOSS1-mMdz6u_QtsIsNKrOws8Oe0x68P84Sc5uJjShbRym_Uztzt3LAGS_2s6SyqzmJZ6TJvEt9hE_/s640/+Fran+Interviewing+Irv.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Fran Hardy interviewing Irvin at Centinela Traditional Arts for our New Mexico documentary</div>
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Centinela Traditional Arts is in Chimayo, New Mexico and I recommend a visit if you are in our state.</div>
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Irv is a seventh generation Chimayo weaver. His family was weaving back in the 1720s and Irv's father passed the tradition on to Irv who is passionate about weaving. He passed that tradition on to his wife, Lisa whose work also shows consummate craftsmanship and innovative design.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_kQvwE6vgJEelUs7mcSSNKBCp7DoOlB6Tdj8d5epW1smWDxq5om3i6S_u1tZBo521bJfczfKqJhbI496gDiXbrwbOEuw4W7DSuNIwV7vTku12basTUXAJCixJ0Ra70Sa3rcvGz9WvOYdu/s1600/Irvin+at+loom+2010.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_kQvwE6vgJEelUs7mcSSNKBCp7DoOlB6Tdj8d5epW1smWDxq5om3i6S_u1tZBo521bJfczfKqJhbI496gDiXbrwbOEuw4W7DSuNIwV7vTku12basTUXAJCixJ0Ra70Sa3rcvGz9WvOYdu/s400/Irvin+at+loom+2010.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Irv at the loom</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkZGc5va1GfT3mfi54s9t9LbxbotEwe0Q7XfuiUZY-_OsT3cJ5xuGvKXqbN2gL7HYK6PGojmFg5tXYI9bkAcuhjmuKp0P3hssEyYCru4CKcWw0I_Doi6gbQ57Ytt2ZtIM087d0spFKjXdT/s1600/Grape+%2526+Lime+%2528Lisa%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkZGc5va1GfT3mfi54s9t9LbxbotEwe0Q7XfuiUZY-_OsT3cJ5xuGvKXqbN2gL7HYK6PGojmFg5tXYI9bkAcuhjmuKp0P3hssEyYCru4CKcWw0I_Doi6gbQ57Ytt2ZtIM087d0spFKjXdT/s640/Grape+%2526+Lime+%2528Lisa%2529.jpg" width="414" /></a></div>
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Grapes and Lime by Lisa Trujillo shows her bold and unique use of innovative color and design.</div>
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This weaving and the ones that will follow are going to be in our exhibition January 14-February 14 at New Mexico Highlands University at Burris Hall. Come to the reception January 31st from 5-7pm and you will be able to view our documentary in progress at 7pm at Ilfeld Auditorium. <a href="http://www.nmhu.edu/">http://www.nmhu.edu/</a></div>
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We will also be having an exhibition of the artists interviewed in our documentary at the Santa Fe Art Institute for the month of April 2013. <a href="http://www.sfai.org/index2.html#work">http://www.sfai.org/index2.html#work</a> </div>
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<a href="http://www.sfai.org/">http://www.sfai.org</a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ8MTkWy-4glSpl1ZMRcEsv3hLZdxpqbovdZz2oRjzTV3thzwUNkLAcVpUS87JJ046pcmoItj8dTUGAhqQImnNGPu2EDmTa2LIEuFrVuSIzC3FzTuldDkxaKPGmqyZbMbMey_8XO2UO1ey/s1600/Gold+Circle.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZ8MTkWy-4glSpl1ZMRcEsv3hLZdxpqbovdZz2oRjzTV3thzwUNkLAcVpUS87JJ046pcmoItj8dTUGAhqQImnNGPu2EDmTa2LIEuFrVuSIzC3FzTuldDkxaKPGmqyZbMbMey_8XO2UO1ey/s640/Gold+Circle.jpg" width="428" /></a></div>
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Gold Circle by Irvin Trujillo</div>
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It is hard to see the metallic thread that is utilized in this piece which gives it a gorgeous luminosity.</div>
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Lisa is known for her fine spinning of wool and Irvin for his remarkable dye work using both natural and commercial dyes. We shot Irv dying with local chamisa he gathers in their fields and indigo he orders on a fall day. He was also combining the two to create a variety of tones and hues.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVCwoTScioS_44uFRFnL2jsWoHuVrUZJDh-nj1nzTE1glOVBD76Ci_eADqRBVRFjGOIcskfiAGp0zsxVgPJK6K8GDGdvIt-9C6ys7tzJIJv5bwY_E_Qlkr1jc5MbM90gTxQy_QwfnUhiJ8/s1600/Emergence.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVCwoTScioS_44uFRFnL2jsWoHuVrUZJDh-nj1nzTE1glOVBD76Ci_eADqRBVRFjGOIcskfiAGp0zsxVgPJK6K8GDGdvIt-9C6ys7tzJIJv5bwY_E_Qlkr1jc5MbM90gTxQy_QwfnUhiJ8/s640/Emergence.jpg" width="358" /></a></div>
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Emergence by Irvin Trujillo</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBuT3td_1WdAlNuN4VoNUC0mSaSj-NWei2chBsQOdxMUkz_LI-gbJI_4xYWy2XNrYrSJYRq_c3gMvST9Cn4mC5cvRjVy8QxcXp550qJbRTGg_E0I1IKDDiwIo43mGoM9bJw9ilnwLPTuIl/s1600/Indigo+Chimayo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBuT3td_1WdAlNuN4VoNUC0mSaSj-NWei2chBsQOdxMUkz_LI-gbJI_4xYWy2XNrYrSJYRq_c3gMvST9Cn4mC5cvRjVy8QxcXp550qJbRTGg_E0I1IKDDiwIo43mGoM9bJw9ilnwLPTuIl/s640/Indigo+Chimayo.jpg" width="424" /></a></div>
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Indigo Chimayo by Irvin Trujillo, a piece done in the Chimayo traditional style</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw_iks2NY92buu4Xe3MbQF7tgTJkLIXVlEr9Ia6fFyPahkTtBzytiG27qrC-MWZG2xSvGlkDlljdbEyQRrKEpN6toxWSZJpUxwtkxSd6seT6ZdgDQPKVbIATCy_1s4LXwyNXnVFy8_aLgT/s1600/Perception+II.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw_iks2NY92buu4Xe3MbQF7tgTJkLIXVlEr9Ia6fFyPahkTtBzytiG27qrC-MWZG2xSvGlkDlljdbEyQRrKEpN6toxWSZJpUxwtkxSd6seT6ZdgDQPKVbIATCy_1s4LXwyNXnVFy8_aLgT/s640/Perception+II.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Perception II by Irvin Trujillo shows his innovative contemporary designs</div>
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<a href="http://www.chimayoweavers.com/">http://www.chimayoweavers.com/</a></div>
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The five thousand or so churro sheep that came to New Mexico with Coronado's expedtion in 1540 were too valued as food to these original settlers to survive and become established flocks in the new territories. New Mexico proved to be a hospitable place for churro, and the sheep thrived to become an important part of the Spanish colony's economy. Wool in an unprocessed form would be too difficult to transport (other than on the backs of sheep) to be of value as a trade item. Blankets, however, were in great demand by surrounding trading partners, and by 1840, records show tens of thousands of weavings traded out of New Mexico. Of course, they were used in New Mexico, to ward off the cold of mountain nights, and, in early years, as a wearing blanket. Domestic use as well as those for commerce caused a substantial industry to develop, employing sheepherders, spinners and weavers.<br />
Although there was a variety of woven goods produced as part of this trade, the single item in greatest demand was what came to be called the Rio Grande blanket, a general term encompassing the entire weaving tradition of Hispanic New Mexico. More specifically, it describes a weft-faced, striped blanket, longer than wide. They are woven on a European floor loom with the weaver standing at the loom, his weight on the pedals serving to open a path for the shuttle. Before the industrial revolution brought metal reeds (the comb part of the loom) to New Mexico, handmade reeds limited the width of the looms to roughly 30 inches. A suitable blanket width was achieved by a double weave using four harnesses, essentially weaving a folded blanket leaving a telltale center ridge; or two pieces sewn together with a center seam.<br />
The Saltillo serape employs the two-pieces-seamed approach. These incredibly fine and detailed tapestries were produced under the auspices of the wealthiest landed<b></b><i>hacenderos</i> in Mexico. As these weavings became a source of great national pride in Mexico, weavers here in New Mexico emulated their southern counterparts. What was woven here is much coarser, but follows the style of a bordered rectangle with a serrate diamond in the center. Rio Grande Saltillos demonstrate great variety in design, seldom adhering to any formula. The Mexican Saltillo is the likely source of the use of tapestry in Rio Grande weaving tradition, which resulted in the inclusion of Saltillo-type elements introduced between stripes becoming a distinctive style in Rio Grande blankets.<br />
The first style that actually develops here in New Mexico is a form evolved from the Saltillo. It adds an eight-pointed star element to the Saltillo's vertical border and central diamond. This becomes a distinct style called Vallero. This development takes place in the mid-nineteenth century, as Americans first come to the area. The star may have been copied from American quilts, or perhaps derived from old Moorish architectural elements. Vallero weaving evidenced the impact of the industrial revolution, as commercial Germantown yarns and synthetic aniline dyes were adopted by local weavers. As a result of the availability of brighter colors, Valleros are typically very vivid, unlike the more sedate colors produced by natural dyes used earlier.<br />
Other changes began to make their way to New Mexico as well. New breeds of sheep were introduced that were more productive meat and wool producers. Their wool, however, was difficult to spin resulting in a somewhat lumpy effect. Milled lumber made looms less bulky and metal reeds made a wider loom possible. In 1880, the railroad brought cotton "string" warp and commercially spun wool, making spinning unnecessary, but the finished piece was less durable with a cotton warp. Most threatening for the Rio Grande weavers was the train's cargo of mill-woven blankets, making their cottage industry largely obsolete.<br />
Of course weavers still wove. They wove to produce blankets for their family, as Irvin Trujillo's grandparents did. Before long curio dealers in Santa Fe put their skills to use and a new industry developed, weaving the Chimayo style. Begun in the early years of this century, this style is basically two stripes and a center design. The stripes are clearly derived from the Rio Grande blanket, and the center design is an outgrowth of Saltillo tapestry techniques. Along with a uniform texture obtained by the use of commercial yarn obtained from a standard source, the style becomes distinct, recognizable. A commercial wool warp replaces the inferior cotton warp. Sizes in the industry become standardized and over the years new products develop.<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapestry">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapestry</a><br />
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<b>Tapestry</b> is a form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile_arts" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Textile arts">textile art</a>, traditionally <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weaving" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Weaving">woven</a> on a vertical <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loom" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Loom">loom</a>. However, it can also be woven on a floor loom as well. It is composed of two sets of interlaced threads, those running parallel to the length (called the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_(weaving)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Warp (weaving)">warp</a>) and those parallel to the width (called the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weft" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Weft">weft</a>); the warp threads are set up under tension on a loom, and the weft thread is passed back and forth across part or all of the warps. Tapestry is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weft" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Weft">weft</a>-faced weaving, in which all the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_(weaving)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Warp (weaving)">warp</a> threads are hidden in the completed work, unlike cloth weaving where both the warp and the weft threads may be visible. In tapestry weaving, weft yarns are typically discontinuous; the artisan interlaces each coloured weft back and forth in its own small pattern area. It is a plain weft-faced weave having weft threads of different colours worked over portions of the warp to form the design.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapestry#cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapestry#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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Most weavers use a naturally based warp thread such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Linen">linen</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cotton">cotton</a>. The weft threads are usually <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wool" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wool">wool</a> or cotton, but may include <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Silk">silk</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gold">gold</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Silver">silver</a>, or other alternatives.</div>
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<a href="http://www.sfaiblog.org/">http://www.sfaiblog.org</a></div>
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For the latest on events at the Santa Fe Art Institute.</div>
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<a href="http://bit.ly/ZvR1rH">http://bit.ly/ZvR1rH</a></div>
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For the latest on events at the Burris Hall gallery on the campus of New Mexico Highlands University.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico_Highlands_University">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico_Highlands_University</a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b>New Mexico Highlands University</b> (<b>NMHU</b>) is a public <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="University">university</a> located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Las Vegas, New Mexico">Las Vegas</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>.</span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Las Vegas, New Mexico">Las Vegas</a>, a city with a population of about 16,000, Highlands’ main campus is close to recreational and wilderness areas, and within an hour's drive of Santa Fe and 2 hours from Albuquerque.</span><br />
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-85667200853451330912012-12-11T15:25:00.000-08:002012-12-18T13:05:11.250-08:00Art and Ecology by Bill Gilbert<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLJuAzKNFad7cghfMnHlHoUDnr0A_xKlMg4eWoTMC59HVkeRuCcQ5MrOt9vOBQWvDkdGRhhOx_T7O-z0YCsXwueJCnqEpqTAOMDVR5OiJou51jMBFpYPHdUjSLRR_zP9eZtkRabXCf_39g/s1600/Hercules+at+calperum+station.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLJuAzKNFad7cghfMnHlHoUDnr0A_xKlMg4eWoTMC59HVkeRuCcQ5MrOt9vOBQWvDkdGRhhOx_T7O-z0YCsXwueJCnqEpqTAOMDVR5OiJou51jMBFpYPHdUjSLRR_zP9eZtkRabXCf_39g/s400/Hercules+at+calperum+station.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Hercules at Calperum Station by Bill Gilbert from the Terrestrial/Celestial Navigation series</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">One of the things I love the most about doing the Earth Chronicles Project is having the opportunity to meet and interview such an interesting and diverse group of people and groups. It was so stimulating talking to Bill Gilbert about the fortuitous circumstances that led to him starting the Land Arts Program at University of New Mexico which has grown to the umbrella of the Art and Ecology program.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">You can go to the Center for Contemporary Arts in Santa Fe and see an impressive exhibition of student work from the Land Arts program. <a href="http://www.ccasantafe.org/exhibitions/390-connecting-liminal-nowhere-land-arts-of-the-american-west-2012">http://www.ccasantafe.org/exhibitions/390-connecting-liminal-nowhere-land-arts-of-the-american-west-2012</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">The Land Arts program came about as the brainchild of Bill Gilbert. Bill was talking to his friend Douglas Humble about his desire to combine indigenous ceramic and earthworks in a place based Land Arts Course that led to his being introduced by Doug to Patrick Lannan.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;"> And lo and behold the Lannan Foundation was excited about Bill's idea and that is how the Land Arts program at UNM got its start. The program still receives funding from the prestigious Lannan Foundation and Bill is the Lannan Endowed Chair of the department. <a href="http://www.lannan.org/">http://www.lannan.org/</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">The Land Arts program started out studying the now famous Land Arts movement in the wide open spaces of the west. Now they are involved in a variety of very interactive field projects including going to the rural, impoverished community of Buena Vista in El Paso, Texas just across the border from Mexico and helping them with various projects to help empower and uplift the community. </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">It was also fascinating seeing Bill's work and hearing about the thought processes that go into it. I was particularly drawn to his Terrestrial/Celestial Navigations series. I am going to give you Bill's words in explaining this series:</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; line-height: 18px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Terrestrial/Celestial Navigations, 2011<br /><br />Part of my ongoing experiment in constructing a portrait of place by walking the surface of the planet, terrestrial/celestial navigations honors the relationship desert peoples have with the sky by weaving together heaven and earth. Each walk inscribes the land with the patterns of stars earlier cultures created to project their world into the night sky. In this series, I employ pedestrian and satellite technologies using google earth to establish GPS points for each star and my body to then inscribe constellations by walking them onto </span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #262626; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 18px;">the ground.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTCd3-7TcmHHaTI27IqIgjdZ0elsdLQN9SlH_HgZ7Sky_Qak_fPuDvm_lmUGYrvh0HQe58KPS5FmGieRoxyOEVJDZRqKe44chWlzZlL9W-hYRYS1Em-EVO9eN0xyLfsVxGTRpe264qXc0i/s1600/Lepus+in+New+South+Wales.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTCd3-7TcmHHaTI27IqIgjdZ0elsdLQN9SlH_HgZ7Sky_Qak_fPuDvm_lmUGYrvh0HQe58KPS5FmGieRoxyOEVJDZRqKe44chWlzZlL9W-hYRYS1Em-EVO9eN0xyLfsVxGTRpe264qXc0i/s640/Lepus+in+New+South+Wales.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Lepus in New South Wales by Bill Gilbert from the Terrestrial/ Celestial Navigation series</div>
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These pieces are not only visually beautiful but several of them have QR codes so if you have a smart phone you can walk these lonely expanses with Bill. You even get to hear his encounter with an Emu which is the largest bird native to Australia. I also love the images of native plants that Bill encountered and integrated in 'Hercules'. One gets the opportunity to taste the experience of walking with Bill through these majestic otherworldy landscapes.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga3E5H5JD7hp6d3WccvOnzcx5y4Vn5XPhtnjdM2_wAfdAf8okCdgD2uh1-1ik78JrGkaWXoGNJ_4WfEG1b8FilV1ciacyLVvvVcpOwEU0rzcmGM_cjPntan9szasQ6eh73GriWYrrXlRKH/s1600/Scorpio+in+the+San+Rafael+Swell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga3E5H5JD7hp6d3WccvOnzcx5y4Vn5XPhtnjdM2_wAfdAf8okCdgD2uh1-1ik78JrGkaWXoGNJ_4WfEG1b8FilV1ciacyLVvvVcpOwEU0rzcmGM_cjPntan9szasQ6eh73GriWYrrXlRKH/s640/Scorpio+in+the+San+Rafael+Swell.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Scorpio in the San Rafael Swell by Bill Gilbert from the Terrestrial/Celestial Navigation series</div>
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Here are a series of production stills from our time shooting in Bill's studio;</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibeyKLzaJSU8-dvY0nwUhKahMrPq7GsvsX4EyV2GD49xdl-8Ubo3oq-N9aZgUfPJvT2KA8LLxIlx8rDWEsnepwpUwFOM56OUUDL4NzHdRDokAtZP3YZH9j31QuCR3I6_Y29bv-tlzuu3Ga/s1600/DSCN1607.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibeyKLzaJSU8-dvY0nwUhKahMrPq7GsvsX4EyV2GD49xdl-8Ubo3oq-N9aZgUfPJvT2KA8LLxIlx8rDWEsnepwpUwFOM56OUUDL4NzHdRDokAtZP3YZH9j31QuCR3I6_Y29bv-tlzuu3Ga/s400/DSCN1607.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Bob putting a mic on Bill for his interview</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEhCkYuC4zK90LdHz9obrNm7qvfU-vG3bNyfilO4avd8EtKci-1EBZjhMnJMVKkym-axJxyL3DOx9A4DllMkzAfxO7XhL63lMCzIa5s7g62f6enV1DjfS6C6NzAyfbX5MB8EpqMVUp6pnE/s1600/DSCN1609.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEhCkYuC4zK90LdHz9obrNm7qvfU-vG3bNyfilO4avd8EtKci-1EBZjhMnJMVKkym-axJxyL3DOx9A4DllMkzAfxO7XhL63lMCzIa5s7g62f6enV1DjfS6C6NzAyfbX5MB8EpqMVUp6pnE/s400/DSCN1609.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Bob setting up for dolly shots of the interview</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvWbWUTOydlV1aG0-3U4qi8GT9PQpdaMxSzp66_b15Xg8GsQBVtTvRSaEzTJw7NSKTOfdZQz5ZXIQ6kCOWqu2H1PWvg4XQfy6pmFID2r9-k7ASlGHWf1Nyg9lC3SKc64z9bBiUMm4BdAnv/s1600/DSCN1610.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvWbWUTOydlV1aG0-3U4qi8GT9PQpdaMxSzp66_b15Xg8GsQBVtTvRSaEzTJw7NSKTOfdZQz5ZXIQ6kCOWqu2H1PWvg4XQfy6pmFID2r9-k7ASlGHWf1Nyg9lC3SKc64z9bBiUMm4BdAnv/s400/DSCN1610.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Setting up to shoot Bill talking about his series called "For John Wesley Powell: attempts to walk the grid 2005-2007". One of Bill's pieces in this series will be in our exhibition at New Mexico Highlands University as well as "Hercules" and "Lepus" from January 14- February 14, 2013. Bill's work will also be in our exhibition at Santa Fe Art Institute for the month of April 2013.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRbEi_ZPKb6muNzRa5_dbAxmzfCVICGDZ97CUdBfX22YgqKpI4fBfvc0SleTrNtyUj3bIL3ceyz_1Ri748Wvl_AHo46Mivdzru_Aw847IE7wfLFCNkiAiCL5LnaEsMmnIhRQ23vbBpU4Fe/s1600/DSCN1613.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRbEi_ZPKb6muNzRa5_dbAxmzfCVICGDZ97CUdBfX22YgqKpI4fBfvc0SleTrNtyUj3bIL3ceyz_1Ri748Wvl_AHo46Mivdzru_Aw847IE7wfLFCNkiAiCL5LnaEsMmnIhRQ23vbBpU4Fe/s400/DSCN1613.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Bob shooting Bill at work in his studio</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOHH6UyCkW6GUDTRkHH6DqrE5YxigXhJlkaQq7XVEUzMRekBd-upBLlf1NfoUbgRNNUuK9SLo0r9yO_EYibUO_yriiXFWic8dKA5EMMgTWw4stVgoISyyOSk4WzUKW6j-_JVLqARtuaC9W/s1600/DSCN1616.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOHH6UyCkW6GUDTRkHH6DqrE5YxigXhJlkaQq7XVEUzMRekBd-upBLlf1NfoUbgRNNUuK9SLo0r9yO_EYibUO_yriiXFWic8dKA5EMMgTWw4stVgoISyyOSk4WzUKW6j-_JVLqARtuaC9W/s400/DSCN1616.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCHUb8lSV4phfFSgKs1N4C8DZul7Ao1VNwkzU5G1V5_VTTw4OuCxTUX0NnlGuLQuXRt7NEnny0oActYHJeIxpbKEnNz5aRC62zGRDWJvYqB7UPp4IMs8HxnNDx6qJH1pAqkDHwgcfg-_bv/s1600/DSCN1618.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCHUb8lSV4phfFSgKs1N4C8DZul7Ao1VNwkzU5G1V5_VTTw4OuCxTUX0NnlGuLQuXRt7NEnny0oActYHJeIxpbKEnNz5aRC62zGRDWJvYqB7UPp4IMs8HxnNDx6qJH1pAqkDHwgcfg-_bv/s400/DSCN1618.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Bob and Bill on the expansive landscape surrounding Bill's studio and home</div>
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To see more about Bill's work:</div>
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<a href="http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/physio.html">http://www.unm.edu/~wgilbert/physio.html</a></div>
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More about the Land Arts program:</div>
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<a href="http://landarts.unm.edu/">http://landarts.unm.edu/</a></div>
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More about the Art and Ecology program:</div>
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<a href="http://art.unm.edu/academics/art_ecology.html">http://art.unm.edu/academics/art_ecology.html</a></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Arts_of_the_American_West">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Arts_of_the_American_West</a></div>
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<b>Land Arts of the American West</b> is a studio-based field program<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NY_Times_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Arts_of_the_American_West#cite_note-NY_Times-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>News 1<span>]</span></a></sup> that seeks to construct an expanded definition of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_art" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Land art">land art</a> through direct experience connecting the full range of human interventions in the landscape—from pre-contact indigenous to contemporary practice. Land art includes everything from constructing a road, to taking a walk, building a monument, and leaving a mark in the sand. The program seeks to expand upon connections between typically separate fields. Each fall we spend two months camping while traveling 7,000 miles to engage sites that range from the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLUI" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="CLUI">CLUI</a> complex at Wendover, Utah to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mata_Ortiz_pottery" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mata Ortiz pottery">pottery culture at Mata Ortiz</a>, Mexico, from earth works like Robert Smithson's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_Jetty" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Spiral Jetty">Spiral Jetty</a> to archeological sites like <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaco_Canyon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Chaco Canyon">Chaco Canyon</a>. We learn from the fact that <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Judd" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Donald Judd">Donald Judd</a>surrounded himself with both contemporary sculpture and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo_people" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Navajo people">Navajo rugs</a>; that <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaco_Canyon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Chaco Canyon">Chaco Canyon</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roden_Crater" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Roden Crater">Roden Crater</a> function as celestial instruments; and that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_Large_Array" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Very Large Array">Very Large Array</a> is a scientific research center with a powerful aesthetic presence on the land. We spend the semester living and working in the landscape with guest scholars that expand the range of our definition in disciplines including archeology, art history, architecture, ceramics, criticism, writing, design, and studio art. The immersive nature of how we experience the landscape triggers an amalgamated body of inquiry where students have the opportunity of time and space to develop authority in their work through direct action and reflection. Land Arts hinges on the primacy of first person experience and the realization that human-land relationships are rarely singular.</div>
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Land Arts of the American West started at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="University of New Mexico">University of New Mexico</a> by artist <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bill_Gilbert_(artist)&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #ba0000; text-decoration: none;" title="Bill Gilbert (artist) (page does not exist)">Bill Gilbert</a> in 2000 and developed as a collaboration between Gilbert and architect <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chris_Taylor_(architect/educator)&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #ba0000; text-decoration: none;" title="Chris Taylor (architect/educator) (page does not exist)">Chris Taylor</a> since 2001. From 2002-2008 Land Arts was co-sponsored by the University of New Mexico and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_Austin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="University of Texas at Austin">University of Texas at Austin</a> where Taylor taught in the interdisciplinary design program of the Department of Art and Art History. In 2007 Taylor was invited by <a class="external text" href="http://www.incubo.cl/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Incubo</a> to bring together a group of students and professionals from Chile and the United States for a <a class="external text" href="http://earthworkslab.org/atacama_lab/3_conference.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">symposium</a> in Santiago and a Land Arts <a class="external text" href="http://earthworkslab.org/atacama_lab/4_schedule.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">exploration</a> of the Atacama Desert. In 2008 Taylor began teaching in the College of Architecture at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Tech_University" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas Tech University">Texas Tech University</a> where Land Arts continues to develop in addition to the programming at the University of New Mexico. The program now operates autonomously from both institutions. Operational funding for Land Arts of the American West is provided in part by <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lannan_Foundation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Lannan Foundation">Lannan Foundation</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasher_Sculpture_Center" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Nasher Sculpture Center">Andrea Nasher</a>.</div>
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The book <a class="external text" href="http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/taylan.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Land Arts of the American West</a> documents the history and development of the program was published by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Texas_Press" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="University of Texas Press">University of Texas Press</a> in April 2009.</div>
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Lannan Foundation is a family foundation dedicated to cultural freedom, diversity and creativity through projects which support exceptional contemporary artists and writers, as well as inspired Native activists in rural indigenous communities.</div>
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The Foundation recognizes the profound and often unquantifiable value of the creative process and is willing to take risks and make substantial investments in ambitious and experimental thinking. Understanding that globalization threatens all cultures and ecosystems, the Foundation is particularly interested in projects that encourage freedom of inquiry, imagination, and expression.</div>
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The Foundation supports this mission by making grants to nonprofit organizations in the areas of <a href="http://www.lannan.org/programs/art/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #725a68; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">contemporary visual art</a>,<a href="http://www.lannan.org/programs/literary/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #725a68; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">literature</a>, <a href="http://www.lannan.org/programs/indigenous-communities/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #725a68; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">indigenous communities</a>, and <a href="http://www.lannan.org/programs/cultural-freedom/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #725a68; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">cultural freedom</a>.</div>
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The Foundation also gives awards and fellowships to <a href="http://www.lannan.org/literary/awards-and-fellowships/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #725a68; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">writers of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction</a> and in the area of <a href="http://www.lannan.org/programs/cultural-freedom/" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #725a68; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">cultural freedom</a>. Awards recognize individuals for extraordinary work in their fields. Fellowships provide time and support to continue with or to complete specific projects and also recognize those who show potential for future outstanding work.</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_art">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_art</a></b></span></b></span></div>
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Land art</b>, <b>Earthworks</b> (coined by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Smithson" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Robert Smithson">Robert Smithson</a>), or <b>Earth art</b> is an art movement in which landscape and the work of art are inextricably linked. It is also an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Art">art</a> form that is created in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Nature">nature</a>, using <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_materials" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Natural materials">natural materials</a> such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Soil">soil</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Rock (geology)">rock</a> (bed rock, boulders, stones), organic media (logs, branches, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Leaf">leaves</a>), and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Water">water</a> with introduced materials such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Metal">metal</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Asphalt">asphalt</a>, or mineral<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigments" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pigments">pigments</a>. Sculptures are not placed in the landscape, rather, the landscape is the means of their creation. Often <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthworks_(engineering)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Earthworks (engineering)">earth moving</a>equipment is involved. The works frequently exist in the open, located well away from civilization, left to change and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Erosion">erode</a> under natural conditions. Many of the first works, created in the deserts of Nevada, New Mexico, Utah or Arizona were <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephemeral" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ephemeral">ephemeral</a> in nature and now only exist as video recordings or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photography" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Photography">photographic</a> documents. They also pioneered a category of art called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_sculpture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Environmental sculpture">site-specific sculpture</a>, designed for a particular outdoor location.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Lucida Grande', 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px;"></span><br />
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emu">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emu</a></div>
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">
The <b>Emu</b> (<span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span title="pronunciation:"><img alt="play" height="11" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; vertical-align: middle;" width="11" /></span> <span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English">/</a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/ˈ/ primary stress follows">ˈ</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/iː/ long 'e' in 'bead'">iː</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'m' in 'my'">m</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/juː/ long 'u' in 'cute'">juː</span></a></span><span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English">/</a></span></span> or <span class="nowrap" style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English">/</a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/ˈ/ primary stress follows">ˈ</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/iː/ long 'e' in 'bead'">iː</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="'m' in 'my'">m</span></a></span><span class="IPA"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English#Key" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English"><span style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: dotted; border-bottom-width: 1px;" title="/uː/ long 'oo' in 'food'">uː</span></a></span><span class="IPA" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Help:IPA for English">/</a></span></span>;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emu#cite_note-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[5]</a></sup> <i>Dromaius novaehollandiae</i>) is the largest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bird">bird</a> native to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Australia">Australia</a> and the only <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extant_taxon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Extant taxon">extant</a> member of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Genus">genus</a> <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dromaius" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Dromaius">Dromaius</a></i>. It is the second-largest extant bird in the world by height, after its <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratite" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ratite">ratite</a> relative, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrich" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ostrich">ostrich</a>. There are three subspecies of Emus in Australia. The Emu is common over most of mainland Australia, although it avoids heavily populated areas, dense forest, and arid areas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Davies2_6-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emu#cite_note-Davies2-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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The soft-feathered, brown, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flightless_bird" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flightless bird">flightless birds</a> reach up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) in height. They have long thin necks and legs. Emus can travel great distances at a fast, economical trot and, if necessary, can sprint at 70 km/h (43 mph) for some distance at a time.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emu#cite_note-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[7]</a></sup> Their long legs allow them to take strides of up to 275 centimetres (9.02 ft)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Davies2_6-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emu#cite_note-Davies2-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[6]</a></sup> They are opportunistically nomadic and may travel long distances to find food; they feed on a variety of plants and insects, but have been known to go for weeks without food. Emus ingest stones, glass shards and bits of metal to grind food in the digestive system. They drink infrequently, but take in copious fluids when the opportunity arises. Emus will sit in water and are also able to swim. They are curious birds who are known to follow and watch other animals and humans. Emus do not sleep continuously at night but in several short stints sitting down.</div>
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Emus use their strongly clawed feet as a defence mechanism. Their legs are among the strongest of any animal, allowing them to rip metal wire fences. They are endowed with good eyesight and hearing, which allows them to detect predators in the vicinity. The plumage varies regionally, matching the surrounding environment and improving its camouflage. The feather structure prevents heat from flowing into the skin, permitting Emus to be active during the midday heat. They can tolerate a wide range of temperatures and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoregulation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Thermoregulation">thermoregulate</a> effectively. Males and females are hard to distinguish visually, but can be differentiated by the types of loud sounds they emit by manipulating an inflatable neck sac. Emus breed in May and June and are not monogamous; fighting among females for a mate is common. Females can mate several times and lay several batches of eggs in one season. The animals put on weight before the breeding season, and the male does most of the incubation, losing significant weight during this time as he does not eat. The eggs hatch after around eight weeks, and the young are nurtured by their fathers. They reach full size after around six months, but can remain with their family until the next breeding season half a year later. Emus can live between 10 and 20 years in the wild and are predated by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dingo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Dingo">dingos</a>, eagles and hawks. They can jump and kick to avoid dingos, but against eagles and hawks, they can only run and swerve.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_plant">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_plant</a></div>
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<b>Native plant</b> is a term to describe plants <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemism" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Endemism">endemic</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_(ecology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Indigenous (ecology)">indigenous</a>) or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalisation_(biology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Naturalisation (biology)">naturalized</a> to a given area in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic_time" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Geologic time">geologic time</a>.</div>
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This includes plants that have developed, occur naturally, or existed for many years in an area (e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">trees</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flower">flowers</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Grass">grasses</a>, and other plants). In North America a plant is often deemed native if it was present before colonization.</div>
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Some native plants have adapted to very limited, unusual <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environment" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Natural environment">environments</a> or very harsh <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climates" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Climates">climates</a> or exceptional <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Soil">soil</a> conditions. Although some types of plants for these reasons exist only within a very limited range (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemism" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Endemism">endemism</a>), others can live in diverse areas or by adaptation to different surroundings.</div>
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Research has found that insects depend on native plants.</div>
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An <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecosystem">ecosystem</a> consists of interactions of plants, animals, and microorganisms with their physical (e.g., soil conditions and processes) and climatic conditions.</div>
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Native plants form a part of a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_ecology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Community ecology">cooperative environment</a>, or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_community" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Plant community">plant community</a>, where several species or environments have developed to support them. This could be a case where a plant exists because a certain animal <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollination" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pollination">pollinates</a> the plant and that animal exists because it relies on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pollen">pollen</a> as a source of food. Some native plants rely on natural conditions, such as occasional <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildfires" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wildfires">wildfires</a>, to release their <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeds" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Seeds">seeds</a>or to provide a fertile environment where their seedlings can become established.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-64885668703617211482012-12-06T14:14:00.003-08:002012-12-06T14:14:50.691-08:00Awe and Wonder: Ancient Junipers in the Badlands<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhwl4rLpBMTUOb6S7lzeSzQqd0L5d2hPJXq97gsokwwTqYIPIOOZr3xYAUv_uu-UgaM2_rDpapUE6KJMAET2IxSvfG4NvzJ9_bF-ir2St1Qhf-4plb52eteoLL79ufYSL4v83sZ-Hgif2U/s1600/1500+yr+juniper.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhwl4rLpBMTUOb6S7lzeSzQqd0L5d2hPJXq97gsokwwTqYIPIOOZr3xYAUv_uu-UgaM2_rDpapUE6KJMAET2IxSvfG4NvzJ9_bF-ir2St1Qhf-4plb52eteoLL79ufYSL4v83sZ-Hgif2U/s400/1500+yr+juniper.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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This ancient juniper in the Cejita Blanca badlands near Cuba, New Mexico is estimated to be about 1200 years old.</div>
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Awe and wonder is the most potent way to describe our experience in the San Juan Basin Badlands. As I discussed in my last blogpost it was the cutting of ancient junipers that I read about in the Rio Grande Sierran magazine that made me want to go to this very special place to see these trees. Who would think that such ancient trees would be found in such an arid moonscape? As I discussed in my previous post there is a push to make these badlands into an ERMA or one of the BLM's Extensive Recreation Management Areas. Please let the BLM know you support this. You can contact the Rio Grande chapter of the Sierra Club (Tom Gorman 505-438-3932 or nmccallan@mindspring.com) or the New Mexico Rio Puerco office of the BLM <a href="http://www.blm.gov/nm/st/en/fo/Rio_Puerco_Field_Office.html">http://www.blm.gov/nm/st/en/fo/Rio_Puerco_Field_Office.html</a>. 505-761-8700. Already the measures they have taken with rangers patrolling the areas and signage is halting the cutting of these ancient junipers. With climate change we may never see trees like this at this elevation again if they are not preserved.</div>
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Not only were the twisted ancient trees amazing but the otherworldy landscape we found them in was awe inspiring. According to Mike Richie, journalist, photographer and scientist who took us there this is not the most colorfully magnificent of the badlands but it certainly had a beauty that I found transfixing. It also inspired me to want to know more about what geologic forces formed these ancient lands.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwzRXe3b19r3c5MgFx8NhjtaSPu7k1BYc7HInKZrWZFCWb7ZQn96r7he6JxO0WY79_ZXQo7NWHMSIQLA1ftOB4XeX_t8_7K9fSDdMAhKbPTswAxKvRF-TM1rOL0GXnG2XEv3ZBwsS3NI5-/s1600/landscape+4+cejita+blanca.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwzRXe3b19r3c5MgFx8NhjtaSPu7k1BYc7HInKZrWZFCWb7ZQn96r7he6JxO0WY79_ZXQo7NWHMSIQLA1ftOB4XeX_t8_7K9fSDdMAhKbPTswAxKvRF-TM1rOL0GXnG2XEv3ZBwsS3NI5-/s400/landscape+4+cejita+blanca.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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The formations are full of iron and other minerals.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbTDMciLCCcwWqW16hYN0Qmu3W4ECZxPLlY-h8CvdfjkKuL5-se_H_o-rXnHK_77MwPW6PNNamwj_Bc-7pvaT4APQfwbLAfT1kov_yayfUaai3j1LQ8bRHmKJblmB7rFVEwyR4TnQsGWur/s1600/landscape+2+Cejita+blanca.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbTDMciLCCcwWqW16hYN0Qmu3W4ECZxPLlY-h8CvdfjkKuL5-se_H_o-rXnHK_77MwPW6PNNamwj_Bc-7pvaT4APQfwbLAfT1kov_yayfUaai3j1LQ8bRHmKJblmB7rFVEwyR4TnQsGWur/s640/landscape+2+Cejita+blanca.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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The strange round reddish rocks are called iron concretions and no one knows exactly what formed them.</div>
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These strange red rocks were sprinkled around the landscape. Apparently no one knows exactly how they were formed and in my fantasy mind they could have been the remains of dinosaur excrement. The mystery of these ancient landscapes is part of their allure. The petrified wood that is here tells scientists that this once was a rainforest which has grown more and more arid over time because of nature's changes and now our human contribution.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb7LrAyMPkssFo01m9V2tAZb9pTybP7wU8fn_Czj1Tg26rChrf_5TQwRpzIcoLwHdF80qazy83YSq9tgWmbgEVC-xFM8ZV6tIc-x29oZP16qy7KNt30PdEd01RPWLx954O4w6wbNopxcxH/s1600/juniper+on+sand+dune+cejita+blanca.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb7LrAyMPkssFo01m9V2tAZb9pTybP7wU8fn_Czj1Tg26rChrf_5TQwRpzIcoLwHdF80qazy83YSq9tgWmbgEVC-xFM8ZV6tIc-x29oZP16qy7KNt30PdEd01RPWLx954O4w6wbNopxcxH/s640/juniper+on+sand+dune+cejita+blanca.jpg" width="358" /></a></div>
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The juniper trees live on sand dunes which they anchor, as well as possibly deriving and retaining more moisture from them in order to survive.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyxCQKcGwOB4eWOpYuBSWYzlqau8gZnyaS8VQ-HqBHI-h62dh7Dh_fWgd30gA4VhOetUdxaHT_S3r9Rir27obV2Q48SD45W7DW6YeC_Yx0wRRd_nNEVn4gXq3Nq9GjckhNVsN0HvMT0q4S/s1600/twisted+juniper+cejita+blanca.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyxCQKcGwOB4eWOpYuBSWYzlqau8gZnyaS8VQ-HqBHI-h62dh7Dh_fWgd30gA4VhOetUdxaHT_S3r9Rir27obV2Q48SD45W7DW6YeC_Yx0wRRd_nNEVn4gXq3Nq9GjckhNVsN0HvMT0q4S/s640/twisted+juniper+cejita+blanca.jpg" width="358" /></a></div>
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They struggle with the growing heat in our climate. We are now two zones hotter and all the climate zone maps are being revised to take that into account. But I love the twisted shapes they have taken to adapt and can't wait to paint these trees. I was ecstatic wandering around among them and gathering reference for my paintings.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxT0cdvkfwBTXoRHVBU6X3NQB2CPSxH3v8HEOIObLLAEgSVDtqawzNJ0JZ_ZsekFCkj1a3kEokB9QHXaMJ-z3J-x3Lx1WHbohydWM1GVWqwZOJqhjMGwnl7J1Jic94mIRv06BgFsyZtW6n/s1600/landscape+3Cejita+blanca.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxT0cdvkfwBTXoRHVBU6X3NQB2CPSxH3v8HEOIObLLAEgSVDtqawzNJ0JZ_ZsekFCkj1a3kEokB9QHXaMJ-z3J-x3Lx1WHbohydWM1GVWqwZOJqhjMGwnl7J1Jic94mIRv06BgFsyZtW6n/s640/landscape+3Cejita+blanca.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Who would think ancient trees would live in such a landscape?</div>
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To see some of Mike Richie's photographs of the badlands and get more information about the badlands and his expeditions to them go to <a href="http://www.phototreknm.com/">http://www.phototreknm.com/</a></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretion">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concretion</a></div>
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A <b>concretion</b> is a hard, compact mass of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary rock</a> formed by the precipitation of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mineral">mineral</a> cement within the spaces between the sediment grains. Concretions are often ovoid or spherical in shape, although irregular shapes also occur. The word 'concretion' is derived from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>con</i> meaning 'together' and <i>crescere</i> meaning 'to grow'. Concretions form within layers of sedimentary <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stratum">strata</a> that have already been deposited. They usually form early in the burial history of the sediment, before the rest of the sediment is hardened into rock. This concretionary cement often makes the concretion harder and more resistant to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weathering" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Weathering">weathering</a> than the host <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stratum">stratum</a>.</div>
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There is an important distinction to draw between concretions and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodule_(geology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Nodule (geology)">nodules</a>. Concretions are formed from mineral precipitation around some kind of nucleus while a nodule is a replacement body.</div>
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Descriptions dating from the 18th century attest to the fact that concretions have long been regarded as geological curiosities. Because of the variety of unusual shapes, sizes and compositions, concretions have been interpreted to be <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaur" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Dinosaur">dinosaur</a> eggs, animal and plant <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fossil">fossils</a> (called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudofossil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pseudofossil">pseudofossils</a>), extraterrestrial debris or human <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Artifact (archaeology)">artifacts</a>.</div>
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Click on the link and read more of the article below for those of you who are fascinated by geology and the forces that shaped the land of the Colorado Plateau.</div>
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<a href="http://geology.utah.gov/online/pdf/pi-77.pdf">http://geology.utah.gov/online/pdf/pi-77.pdf</a></div>
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Sunrise illuminates Colorado Plateau’s canyon country.<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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In the early morning light, cliffs radiate a rich red glow, and<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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a sculptured panorama of sandstone is revealed in a rich<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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palette of crimson, vermilion, orange, salmon, peach, pink,<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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gold, yellow, and white. Nearby are black, spherical rock<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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marbles (iron concretions) collecting in small depressions,<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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like puddles of ball bearings. These natural spherical balls<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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have been called various names such as iron nodules, iron<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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sandstone balls, or moki marbles. However, we use the<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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name “iron concretion” to describe both the composition<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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(iron oxide that is the dark mineral which cements the sand-<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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stone grains) and the formed shape (concretion). </div>
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What paints the sandstone such rich colors? Why is red<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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a dominant color? Where do the black marbles come from?<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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How did the black marbles form? Is there a relationship<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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between sandstone colors and the marbles? This booklet<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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explores the answers to these questions and poses other<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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<span style="font: 10.0px Helvetica;">questions yet unanswered. </span>exhibits a wide range of colors from<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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shades of red to stark white.<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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In a privately owned area near Moab (southeastern<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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Utah), the Navajo Sandstone is a pale orange,<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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unbleached color. Only 10 miles (15 km) to the<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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northwest of this picture, the upper portion of the<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"> </span></div>
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Navajo Sandstone formation is bleached white.</div>
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<span style="font: 12.0px Helvetica;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badlands">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badlands</a> </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">A <b>badlands</b> (also <b>badland</b>) is a type of dry <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrain" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Terrain">terrain</a> where softer sedimentary rocks and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Clay">clay</a>-rich <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Soil">soils</a> have been extensively <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Erosion">eroded</a> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wind">wind</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Water">water</a>. It can resemble <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malpa%C3%ADs_(landform)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Malpaís (landform)">malpaís</a>, a terrain of volcanic rock. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canyon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Canyon">Canyons</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravine" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ravine">ravines</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gully" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gully">gullies</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodoo_(geology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Hoodoo (geology)">hoodoos</a> and other such <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geologic" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Geologic">geological</a> forms are common in badlands. They are often difficult to navigate by foot. Badlands often have a spectacular color display that alternates from dark black/blue coal stria to bright clays to red <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scoria" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Scoria">scoria</a>.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">I'm not sure if this is the species of juniper we saw? Any tree experts reading this?</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniperus_occidentalis">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniperus_occidentalis</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><i><b>Juniperus occidentalis</b></i> (<b>Western Juniper</b> and <b>Sierra Juniper</b>) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrub" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Shrub">shrub</a> or tree native to the western United States, growing in mountains at altitudes of 800-3,000 m (rarely down to 100 m).</span></div>
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The <i>Juniperus occidentalis</i> shoots are of moderate thickness among <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Juniper">junipers</a>, 1-1.6 mm diameter. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Leaf">leaves</a> are arranged in opposite decussate pairs or whorls of three; the adult leaves are scale-like, 1–2 mm long (to 5 mm on lead shoots) and 1-1.5 mm broad. The juvenile leaves (on young seedlings only) are needle-like, 5–10 mm long. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conifer_cone" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Conifer cone">cones</a> are berry-like, 5–10 mm in diameter, blue-brown with a whitish waxy bloom, and contain one to three <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Seed">seeds</a>; they are mature in about 18 months. The male cones are 2–4 mm long, and shed their pollen in early spring.</div>
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The cones are an important food for several birds, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Robin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="American Robin">American Robin</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phainopepla" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Phainopepla">Phainopepla</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_Waxwing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cedar Waxwing">Cedar Waxwing</a>; these digest the fleshy cone scales and disperse the seeds in their droppings. The plants often bear <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gall" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gall">galls</a> caused by the <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juniper_Tip_Midge&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #ba0000; text-decoration: none;" title="Juniper Tip Midge (page does not exist)">Juniper Tip Midge</a><i>Oligotrophus betheli</i> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibionomorpha" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bibionomorpha">Bibionomorpha</a>: Cecidomyiidae); these are violet-purple fading to brown, 1–2 cm diameter, with dense modified spreading scale-leaves 6–10 mm long and 2–3 mm broad at the base.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-15277009957823066472012-12-02T11:00:00.000-08:002012-12-02T11:00:24.602-08:00Wonderment of the Badlands<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilKI9GlWVL8oEIiXivHWyklSy1ZwLtSrrQrtAkPnn9tH8PwTN3uLqbOKdvvycWf994ZeWqSsfoVg_WsTXmYk0hDicXG9ypOGho9k2yXZ0Rekxa77nGv4FpU4g1NH2lwL5ri-IRKrUKQDkw/s1600/badlands+moonscape+1++72dpi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilKI9GlWVL8oEIiXivHWyklSy1ZwLtSrrQrtAkPnn9tH8PwTN3uLqbOKdvvycWf994ZeWqSsfoVg_WsTXmYk0hDicXG9ypOGho9k2yXZ0Rekxa77nGv4FpU4g1NH2lwL5ri-IRKrUKQDkw/s400/badlands+moonscape+1++72dpi.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Mesa de Cuba badlands</div>
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I was overwhelmed by the otherworldly beauty of the San Juan Basin Badlands in a trip we took there with Mike Richie, journalist and photographer who has used his skills to bring attention to the need to protect these unique places. We interviewed Mike beneath a 1500 year old juniper about his decades long passion for saving the badlands. The whole day I was engulfed by a sense of wonderment as we wandered with Mike's guidance through the majestic and unbelievable beauty of the these badland landscapes. It truly felt like being on another planet besides the sense of millenniums of history expressed by the geology of this ancient land.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz0ABN-MfMitjir17UnIKK2bqBqB9B3sGroxTttrVM2UpJHQadGT3X7AwV4elZqREqqualQB-h7EtzAUlvg0-YS3x4k9r9eyLHSM54YhTqqentrgAufqVZP66dUCDdotVljIBf9NUZv_CB/s1600/Bob+and+Mike+shooting+in+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz0ABN-MfMitjir17UnIKK2bqBqB9B3sGroxTttrVM2UpJHQadGT3X7AwV4elZqREqqualQB-h7EtzAUlvg0-YS3x4k9r9eyLHSM54YhTqqentrgAufqVZP66dUCDdotVljIBf9NUZv_CB/s400/Bob+and+Mike+shooting+in+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Bob and Mike shooting in Mesa de Cuba</div>
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Mike had touched me years ago with his writing and photography. In 2003, I saw an article in New Mexico magazine by Mike Richie on the badlands of New Mexico. I was captivated and saved the article all these years. I saw another article by Mike in the Rio Grande Sierran all these years later about the cutting of 1200 ancient junipers in the badlands within the Rio Puerco Field Office District in Cejita Blanca and Ceja Pelon. Mike talked about how the BLM was talking about designating these places as a Special Recreation Management Area to protect them. Mike showed one of his photographs of the stump of an old growth juniper that had been cut through illegal woodcutting which was rampant with over 1200 ancient junipers cut this past year. Being passionate about ancient trees this immediately aroused my interest to include this story in our documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico". When I saw Mike Richie's photograph of one of the ancient junipers in an article by Norma McCallan of the Sierra Club on the BLM's draft plan to save the San Juan Basin Badlands, I knew I had to see these trees. That was my focus but then Mike showed us not only the trees which I will write about in my next blogpost with pictures of some of them but also the awesome geological wonder of these places. These photographic snapshots of mine do it scant justice but we will be showing some of Mike's photographic work along with his interview in our documentary. </div>
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Wind, erosion and geologic history have shaped these places into something that leaves one breathless with wonderment. Installations are popular now in the art world but I felt that the hand of nature had created an installation that made these artistic endeavors seem small in comparison with formations and textures that defy the imagination everywhere throughout the badlands.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn4hO38m-Y36lwmUnQaAR_hCRaxMtwgdDETKm7Ll51rBZAoe6-2tdO75mYenwyV3mD9x782ntevEgmtSYGBi6imF1_wyk0_n9Xz6TqCw1FNP-DLDr6-HAv_s1bQlGBoDLm8UKGZ1rV6i2H/s1600/badland+rocks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn4hO38m-Y36lwmUnQaAR_hCRaxMtwgdDETKm7Ll51rBZAoe6-2tdO75mYenwyV3mD9x782ntevEgmtSYGBi6imF1_wyk0_n9Xz6TqCw1FNP-DLDr6-HAv_s1bQlGBoDLm8UKGZ1rV6i2H/s640/badland+rocks.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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close-up of a moonscape of miniature hoodoos made up of rocks on top of popcorn soil</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4So3XkvICU_0dW5JqvDwyOUYCkklqE5qGwgVDUs-sSdAG16iWy6ILQYmUiV9L0Kq2a3xJuKuA6QUXmc5ZmS1E9iQuUg2tX9jzzjNQEEJcOPotq7B4HGIx7ch4fRZjzGyowme9wHgw8FSR/s1600/popcorn+soil+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4So3XkvICU_0dW5JqvDwyOUYCkklqE5qGwgVDUs-sSdAG16iWy6ILQYmUiV9L0Kq2a3xJuKuA6QUXmc5ZmS1E9iQuUg2tX9jzzjNQEEJcOPotq7B4HGIx7ch4fRZjzGyowme9wHgw8FSR/s400/popcorn+soil+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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a close-up of the strange phenomenon of popcorn soil</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-r_7DcNkYv8QkoHSsCNqavDP8hiOUGcESl6xtVXyv1-esaqDeQVQINpWdAY9tGpedph3OMs2oQyKIemkQc1v2bTtAfcvn-RjuXEa0VlH7TfN5zf63NdVP8ZrdKumQounc8vLS7Hejzpxa/s1600/bob+shooting+Mike+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-r_7DcNkYv8QkoHSsCNqavDP8hiOUGcESl6xtVXyv1-esaqDeQVQINpWdAY9tGpedph3OMs2oQyKIemkQc1v2bTtAfcvn-RjuXEa0VlH7TfN5zf63NdVP8ZrdKumQounc8vLS7Hejzpxa/s640/bob+shooting+Mike+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Bob shooting Mike climbing some hoodoos</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsmE-k8ijGsV9rJ4hyvs-1uDmpjoX5afybTKxYZcfAf4c_j1QFG9qqPgImjxMI-Z4NkSdHeApCxhM29C103hVtLVuPugSvqTJ9LWuYpreusvCuy92aRXLO4zaG35KfWoBqZaiimqIy2wgK/s1600/moonscape+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsmE-k8ijGsV9rJ4hyvs-1uDmpjoX5afybTKxYZcfAf4c_j1QFG9qqPgImjxMI-Z4NkSdHeApCxhM29C103hVtLVuPugSvqTJ9LWuYpreusvCuy92aRXLO4zaG35KfWoBqZaiimqIy2wgK/s640/moonscape+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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a windswept erosion pitted moonscape in the badlands</div>
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The subtlety of these places really needs to be experienced firsthand to truly appreciate them.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglbl-7FuOZ65Pa8hyyqPFco4KfsE-jLldYZjh4k45jJPzOLPAbc4bKTHeHvVcbdomm3rdb_LEqg4w-RxRwldmr11nxqYOHb3H-N7y9cNLSQhjmb-F79UnMRwtIxEintO4_hvbJzUOpBjHK/s1600/Bob+shooting+in+moonscape+of+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglbl-7FuOZ65Pa8hyyqPFco4KfsE-jLldYZjh4k45jJPzOLPAbc4bKTHeHvVcbdomm3rdb_LEqg4w-RxRwldmr11nxqYOHb3H-N7y9cNLSQhjmb-F79UnMRwtIxEintO4_hvbJzUOpBjHK/s640/Bob+shooting+in+moonscape+of+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Bob shooting b-roll for our documentary</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGAAHEFZ19ift39hcCa3YuR92H_pSuEivQza7a4WY-B2aOVaWTEAGAhuzex_JDzMEi9FNDIhAMVF8-v6EFfyiO4MP6pF1mqdLl-HypghyphenhyphenBL7A-p2yaY9sTxdfLh44AetOzXcCr7yCf8MJi/s1600/Mesa+de+Cuba+rocks+and+soil.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGAAHEFZ19ift39hcCa3YuR92H_pSuEivQza7a4WY-B2aOVaWTEAGAhuzex_JDzMEi9FNDIhAMVF8-v6EFfyiO4MP6pF1mqdLl-HypghyphenhyphenBL7A-p2yaY9sTxdfLh44AetOzXcCr7yCf8MJi/s640/Mesa+de+Cuba+rocks+and+soil.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Mike made sure to take us to this spot at the end of the day when the long shadows showed the sculptural drama of the landscape</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjidzwWlZLaZdSmFxoVFR_ZQ90Y8LCv_wOGdbkPaxdN2U7gCWBXLPsJLea4EzhbXOmNOvG-z0M8Of0RLgjTgEfpfQOSvdQ-15zaL18Ik1nGWRvLqOvREsKsHfjQphuFTkFjIxVKxmQ1g6yu/s1600/Bob+and+Mike+on+vast+plain+at+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjidzwWlZLaZdSmFxoVFR_ZQ90Y8LCv_wOGdbkPaxdN2U7gCWBXLPsJLea4EzhbXOmNOvG-z0M8Of0RLgjTgEfpfQOSvdQ-15zaL18Ik1nGWRvLqOvREsKsHfjQphuFTkFjIxVKxmQ1g6yu/s640/Bob+and+Mike+on+vast+plain+at+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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This is glimpse at the broad plain leading to the mesa with Bob and Mike dwarfed by its vastness and you can see our trucks in the distance. Being in this kind of open space opens the heart and mind to something far bigger than ourselves as humans on this planet.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigz5PbUeLZWqiP50sYdgUlTV3c2ftD8-D2WZ68fbsOkTqF7v9i1ZmuXk1kGIbV2JsUEGSs2NmUhur7kGBdfWRF-ET6dtgdy7lk_8t5k7DPqFEDFmNgo2ltWd_sciBkEEaPrx4LDyChofyf/s1600/Bob+shooting+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigz5PbUeLZWqiP50sYdgUlTV3c2ftD8-D2WZ68fbsOkTqF7v9i1ZmuXk1kGIbV2JsUEGSs2NmUhur7kGBdfWRF-ET6dtgdy7lk_8t5k7DPqFEDFmNgo2ltWd_sciBkEEaPrx4LDyChofyf/s640/Bob+shooting+Mesa+de+Cuba.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Bob shooting in some of the junipers on the path leading up to the mesa top</div>
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My next blogpost will be on Cejita Blanca and the wondrous ancient junipers.</div>
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To see some of my Mike Richie's photographs of the badlands across north western New Mexico go to:</div>
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<a href="http://www.phototreknm.com/">http://www.phototreknm.com/</a></div>
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Besides Mike's wonderful photographs on his site you can read all the about the forces that formed these magical places and Mike's quest to preserve them.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Basin">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Basin</a></div>
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The <b>San Juan Basin</b> is a geologic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_basin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Structural basin">structural basin</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Corners" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Four Corners">Four Corners</a> region of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Southwestern United States">Southwestern</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United States">United States</a>; its main portion covers around 4,600 square miles (12,000 km<sup style="line-height: 1em;">2</sup>), encompassing much of northwestern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, southwest <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, and parts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizona" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Utah">Utah</a>.</div>
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The region is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arid">arid</a> with rugged topography of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plain" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Plain">plains</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valley" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Valley">valleys</a> interspersed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butte" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Butte">buttes</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canyon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Canyon">canyons</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mesa">mesas</a>. Its most striking features include <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaco_Canyon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Chaco Canyon">Chaco Canyon</a>(northwestern New Mexico, between <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmington,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Farmington, New Mexico">Farmington</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Fe,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Santa Fe, New Mexico">Santa Fe</a>) and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chacra_Mesa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Chacra Mesa">Chacra Mesa</a>. The San Juan Basin also has uplands that exceed elevations of 9,800 feet (3,000 m). Drainage in the structural basin is general westward from the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental Divide of the Americas</a> to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancos_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mancos River">Mancos River</a>'s confluence with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_River_(Colorado_River)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="San Juan River (Colorado River)">San Juan River</a>. The San Juan River then continues to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colorado_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Colorado River">Colorado River</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Basin#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Juan_Basin&action=edit&section=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Edit section: Geology">edit</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Geology">Geology</span></h2>
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The San Juan <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_basin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Structural basin">structural basin</a> is a large downwarp of sedimentary rocks of mostly <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesozoic" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mesozoic">Mesozoic</a> age. As a geologic region, the San Juan Basin is noted for its large deposits of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Coal">coal</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Uranium">uranium</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>. Since the 1980s, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruitland_Formation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fruitland Formation">Fruitland Formation</a> in the basin has been one of the major US sources of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Coalbed methane">coalbed methane</a>. In 2007, the San Juan Basin produced 1.32 trillion cubic feet of natural gas, making it the largest source of natural gas in the United States.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Basin#cite_note-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranium_mining_in_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Uranium mining in New Mexico">Uranium mining in New Mexico</a> is also performed from the San Juan Basin.</div>
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Mike offers hikes and classes in the badlands. Here is a link to one of them.</div>
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<a href="http://dcereg.com/index.cfm?method=ClassInfo.ClassInformation&int_class_id=51469&int_category_id=18&int_sub_category_id=183">http://dcereg.com/index.cfm?method=ClassInfo.ClassInformation&int_class_id=51469&int_category_id=18&int_sub_category_id=183</a></div>
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Specially designed for my repeat hikers who take their badlands seriously. We will be cross-country hiking with regular climbs and scrambles. This 5-6 mile route traverses the extreme north end of the Mesa De Cuba Badlands before sampling the mesa top for exceptional views. We will be exploring a wide, hoodoo-lined, old growth ponderosa shaded canyon which branches into an equally large side canyon where we will gain easy access to the mesa top. A feeling of genuine isolation colors our beautiful mesa edge walk before we retrace our path back to the van. The combination of rim rock facades, large scale, colorful sandstone hoodoos and old growth forests create a serene "lost world" effect in this remote, classic San Juan Basin high desert terrain. Intended for reasonably fit and experienced hikers.</h2>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodoo_(geology)">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodoo_(geology)</a></div>
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A <b>hoodoo</b> (also called a <b>tent rock</b>, <b>fairy chimney</b>, and <b>earth pyramid</b>) is a tall, thin spire of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Rock (geology)">rock</a> that protrudes from the bottom of an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arid">arid</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drainage_basin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Drainage basin">drainage basin</a> or <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badland" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Badland">badland</a>. Hoodoos, which can range from 5-150 feet tall (1.5-45 meters), typically consist of relatively soft rock topped by harder, less easily eroded stone that protects each column from the elements. They generally form within <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary rock</a> and volcanic rock formations.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1em; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from August 2011">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></div>
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Hoodoos are found mainly in the desert in dry, hot areas. In common usage, the difference between hoodoos and pinnacles or spires is that hoodoos have a variable thickness often described as having a "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totem_pole" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Totem pole">totem pole</a>-shaped body." A spire, on the other hand, has a smoother profile or uniform thickness that tapers<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text in the vicinity of this tag needs clarification or removal of jargon from November 2010">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> from the ground upward. An example of a single spire, as an <a class="external text" href="http://geoscenic.bgs.ac.uk/asset-bank/action/viewAsset?id=3177&index=5&total=7&categoryId=1178&categoryTypeId=1&collection=Earth%20pillars&sortAttributeId=0&sortDescending=false" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">earth pyramid</a>, is found at Aultderg Burn, near Fochabers, Scotland.</div>
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Hoodoos range in size from that of an average <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Human">human</a> to heights exceeding a 10-story building. Hoodoo shapes are affected by the erosional patterns of alternating hard and softer rock layers. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mineral">Minerals</a> deposited within different rock types cause hoodoos to have different colors throughout their height.</div>
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These badlands have been given wilderness protection by the BLM. They are worth the time and effort to drive to, see and hike them. These were once an ancient sea and one gets that feeling often in New Mexico with our vast plains and valleys studded with rock formations and geologic uplift and surrounded by mesas.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisti/De-Na-Zin_Wilderness">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisti/De-Na-Zin_Wilderness</a></div>
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The <b>Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness</b> is a 45,000-acre (18,000 ha) <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilderness_area" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wilderness area">wilderness area</a> located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_County,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="San Juan County, New Mexico">San Juan County</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United States">U.S.</a> state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>. Established in 1984, the Wilderness is a desolate area of steeply eroded <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badlands" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Badlands">badlands</a> managed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management</a>, with the exception of three parcels of private <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo_Nation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Navajo Nation">Navajo</a> land within its boundaries. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-wild_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisti/De-Na-Zin_Wilderness#cite_note-wild-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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Translated from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navajo_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Navajo language">Navajo</a> word <span style="font-family: 'Aboriginal Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', Calibri, 'Arial Unicode MS', sans-serif;"><span lang="nv" xml:lang="nv">Bistahí</span></span>, Bisti means "among the adobe formations."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisti/De-Na-Zin_Wilderness#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> De-Na-Zin takes its name from the Navajo words for "cranes."<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroglyphs" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Petroglyphs">Petroglyphs</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crane_(bird)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Crane (bird)">cranes</a> have been found south of the Wilderness.</div>
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The area that includes the Bisti/De-Na-Zin Wilderness was once covered by an ancient sea, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Interior_Seaway" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Western Interior Seaway">Western Interior Seaway</a>. As the water slowly receded, prehistoric animals survived on the lush foliage that grew along the many riverbanks. When the water disappeared it left behind a 1,400-foot (430 m) layer of jumbled <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandstone" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudstone" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mudstone">mudstone</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shale" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Shale">shale</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Coal">coal</a> that lay undisturbed for 50 million years. 6,000 years ago the last <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_age" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ice age">ice age</a> receded, exposing<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossils" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fossils">fossils</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrified_wood" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Petrified wood">petrified wood</a>, and eroding the rock into the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoodoo_(geology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Hoodoo (geology)">hoodoos</a> now visible.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-wild_1-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisti/De-Na-Zin_Wilderness#cite_note-wild-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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Humans have occupied the area almost continuously since 10,000 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Before_Christ" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Before Christ">BC</a>. The area contains numerous Chacoan sites and part of the prehistoric <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Pueblo_Peoples#Ceremonial_Infrastructure_-_Great_North_Road:_the_thirty_foot_wide_highway" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ancient Pueblo Peoples">Great North Road</a>, used to connect major Chacoan Anasazi sites in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Juan_Basin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="San Juan Basin">San Juan Basin</a>.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-38774471335289412222012-11-25T09:41:00.001-08:002012-11-27T21:43:11.112-08:00The Multi-talented Lauren Camp<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7kqWmhftpSArkRJWn8mLZ5ocerXakIRCd_zsIwMGQQP-pKfhqJRLy630sJLLbn_GymPDssohX2-z_-kASOppOcHSkKvfbiaThn146wz9Dd4XgTMbbKZOAcNUPEgTPJhjLDObxQ7gP5Oz1/s1600/Lauren+&+Fran+copy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7kqWmhftpSArkRJWn8mLZ5ocerXakIRCd_zsIwMGQQP-pKfhqJRLy630sJLLbn_GymPDssohX2-z_-kASOppOcHSkKvfbiaThn146wz9Dd4XgTMbbKZOAcNUPEgTPJhjLDObxQ7gP5Oz1/s400/Lauren+&+Fran+copy.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Interviewing Lauren Camp in her studio in La Cienega</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Multi-talented Lauren Camp is going to be included in our new documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico". Our first airing of the documentary in process will be at New Mexico Highlands University January 31st at 7pm in Ilfeld Auditorium, open and free to the public. This will be a rare opportunity to see one of our documentaries in progress. It will still have a very finished and polished style because Bob, our co-producer, cameraman and editor is a perfectionist. </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">I do the planning and interviewing and coordination on our documentaries but Bob is the guy who takes all that beautiful footage he has shot and makes it work creatively to create a compelling story for each segment. </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">So back to Lauren.....Lauren is an empresario of mixed media, language and radio.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Maybe you have heard her wonderful melange of sound, music and poetry on her radio show on Santa Fe Public Radio KSFR 101.1 called aptly 'Audio Saucepan'. This is a quote from one listener that aptly describes her unique program. One avid listener explains, “Audio Saucepan is such a provocative and refreshing blend of poetry, spoken word, jazz and audio exploration that I can scarcely contain my delight with each broadcast. Lauren Camp doesn’t so much moderate her show; she performs it. It is a rare foray into the power and mystery of radio at its best, an oasis for the ears.”</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">If you are not in the listening area you can hear a live stream of her radio show by going to KSFR's website. <a href="http://www.ksfr.org/">http://www.ksfr.org/</a> The show is on the air from 5-6pm MST on Sundays.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Lauren not only has a lyrical voice she creates a sense of mystery and drama when she reads her poetry and the poetry of others. On her radio show you will only hear the poetry of others but she is a masterful writer of poetry and performs extensively. She also has a published book of her poems available for purchase called "This Business of Wisdom". Go to her website for information on how to purchase it. <a href="http://www.laurencamp.com/poetry/booksrecords.shtml">http://www.laurencamp.com/poetry/booksrecords.shtml</a></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQINLN4q6ADxWmIUBQme2HSdFl01r4ZoGU8NqIOcaELGNKw3J4g_IFHNoqWylvbgzxxl88WGydo57M9TXb_2BdppNTPf18lRxJfL6Jlvq6Xio5dnDvp9ZSNlMwNdFdTUJpJh5GKiR34J65/s1600/Lauren+reading+profile.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQINLN4q6ADxWmIUBQme2HSdFl01r4ZoGU8NqIOcaELGNKw3J4g_IFHNoqWylvbgzxxl88WGydo57M9TXb_2BdppNTPf18lRxJfL6Jlvq6Xio5dnDvp9ZSNlMwNdFdTUJpJh5GKiR34J65/s400/Lauren+reading+profile.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">Production still from the documentary of Lauren reading one of her masterful poems</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">This interview will be unique in it's movement from interview and b-roll to Lauren reading her poems in her melodic and haunting voice.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi21sRnuZCrwDd4cosERnAj_T_HWiGDH7r8BWYpqBNIag_ITlN98bmyjbmNBQG52Rn8oZDtp2hAn1QJ1Ljih6ONcvkgD-pyvsEvNNe7bICRBakh-hPdgZ9FdXl9BaqqN4oahyHTWXnwmbaU/s1600/Lauren+poetry+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi21sRnuZCrwDd4cosERnAj_T_HWiGDH7r8BWYpqBNIag_ITlN98bmyjbmNBQG52Rn8oZDtp2hAn1QJ1Ljih6ONcvkgD-pyvsEvNNe7bICRBakh-hPdgZ9FdXl9BaqqN4oahyHTWXnwmbaU/s400/Lauren+poetry+1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">A visual Bob created for the reading of excerpts from one of one of Lauren's poems named "Slow"</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Be prepared to see an engaging and unique interview with Lauren in our documentary.....</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Lauren loves teaching and has helped so many others find their voice through working with her. If you love writing, want to hone your writing skills or find your unique writing expression go to Lauren's website and explore one of her workshops. <a href="http://www.laurencamp.com/poetry/workshops.shtml">http://www.laurencamp.com/poetry/workshops.shtml</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Last but not least by any means, Lauren is a multi-media artist who often works with fiber. We will be including Lauren's work in our two exhibitions that accompany our documentary in New Mexico. The first is at New Mexico Highlands University in Las Vegas, N.M. January 14-February 14, 2013 at the Burris Hall Gallery. Then we will be at Santa Fe Art Institute for the month of April 2013. There will also be workshops, an artist roundtable and other accompanying workshops and activities happening in conjunction. </span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Lauren will be including two pieces from her in progress series on the four seasons in New Mexico, a land of intense contrast. You will be able to see "Wind Season" and "Acres of June-July". For those of us who live here we know what a great part wind plays in the shaping of our land as does fire, both of which are not always comfortable to live with but make up the strong voice of this land we call New Mexico.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;"><img alt="Wind Season by Lauren Camp" height="437" src="http://www.laurencamp.com/art/images_matter/icn_wind_season.jpg" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; outline-color: initial; outline-style: initial; outline-width: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" width="340" /></span></div>
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'Wind Season' by Lauren Camp copyright</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiutq3PNecppch9FeJYUT-f5K4fv1HTYMV23nbNqljZH4kvNfRDrfS67zaysmrOh0Vc1YncK2H8mnFalgoFL7CCy553T4g3RtcEMLecrDIpFZ1yGWt23qsYxjCNYMMCSkEq0ftP9vKFSL_/s1600/Laurens+art+Earth+Drawings+series+1+cu.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiutq3PNecppch9FeJYUT-f5K4fv1HTYMV23nbNqljZH4kvNfRDrfS67zaysmrOh0Vc1YncK2H8mnFalgoFL7CCy553T4g3RtcEMLecrDIpFZ1yGWt23qsYxjCNYMMCSkEq0ftP9vKFSL_/s400/Laurens+art+Earth+Drawings+series+1+cu.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Detail from "Earth Drawing II" by Lauren Camp copyright</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyHEbUr5e-c_WfOjAi9SeWZnZyjmPPyjLSnNZOv8W1QaU-yNulh30r1_KhA5R4r_2cskAnbr3W4E4mzS_5TbXYC0gwzXC5Sz2TkjImZLKIsIsjUhtk6sdppAWHsJTPe2jgeqTH8cCPsZ8a/s1600/earth_drawing_iii.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyHEbUr5e-c_WfOjAi9SeWZnZyjmPPyjLSnNZOv8W1QaU-yNulh30r1_KhA5R4r_2cskAnbr3W4E4mzS_5TbXYC0gwzXC5Sz2TkjImZLKIsIsjUhtk6sdppAWHsJTPe2jgeqTH8cCPsZ8a/s640/earth_drawing_iii.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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"Earth Drawing III" by Lauren Camp copyright</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">To find out more about Lauren go to her website <a href="http://www.laurencamp.com/index.shtml">http://www.laurencamp.com/index.shtml</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">Visit her blog and you will get a preview of what will be happening on her radio show as well as other wonderful 'wordsmithing' from Lauren <a href="http://laurencamp.com/whichsilkshirt/">http://laurencamp.com/whichsilkshirt/</a></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: large;">And of course listen to her on Audio Saucepan Sunday nights from 5-6pm MST on the radio or streaming at <a href="http://www.ksfr.org/">http://www.ksfr.org/</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia_artist">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia_artist</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Multimedia artists</b> are <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_artist" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Contemporary artist">contemporary artists</a> who use a wide range of media to communicate their art. Multimedia art includes, by definition, more than one medium, therefore multimedia artists use <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_art" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Visual art">visual art</a>in combination with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_art" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sound art">sound art</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_images" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Moving images">moving images</a> and other media. The art can take the form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_art" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Installation art">installation art</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Found_objects" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Found objects">found objects</a> presented in an artistic form, or <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_sculpture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kinetic sculpture">kinetic sculpture</a>, among others.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">It is important to distinguish between multimedia art and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_media" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mixed media">mixed media</a> artworks. Within the visual arts, <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_media" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mixed media">mixed media</a></i> tends to refer to work that combines various traditionally distinct visual art media such as certain works of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Stella" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Frank Stella">Frank Stella</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Frank" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Jane Frank">Jane Frank</a> which merge <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painting" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Painting">painting</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a>, for example. A work on canvas that combines oil paint, newspaper collage, chalk, glass and ink, for example, could be called a "mixed media" work - but not multimedia. <i>Multimedia</i> art implies a broader scope than <i>mixed media</i>, as in creations combining visual art media with elements usually considered the proper domain of literature, drama, dance, filmmaking, or music.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Multimedia artwork also frequently engages senses other than sight, such as hearing, touch, or smell. A multimedia artwork can also move, occupy time, or develop over time, rather than remaining static as with traditional media. Another frequent trait of multimedia artworks is the use of advanced technology, such as electronic or computer-generated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sound">sound</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Video">video</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Animation">animation</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactivity" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Interactivity">interactivity</a>.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Certain traditional genres such as opera and film are inherently multidisciplinary or even "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Multimedia">multimedia</a>" in a very loose sense, since they involve drama, literature, visual art, music, dance, and costumes. Indeed, a union of the arts was exactly what <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wagner" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a> imagined in his ideal of the "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesamtkunstwerk" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gesamtkunstwerk">Gesamtkunstwerk</a>" or a "synthesis of the arts" (literally: "complete artwork").</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Nevertheless, in contemporary terms, opera or even movies would not properly be considered "multimedia art." A work of multimedia art is usually mounted on a smaller scale than an opera or a movie and is typically created entirely by a single person (rather than the collaborative effort of opera or moviemaking). Multimedia works do not usually require performers. If performers are used, they are usually untrained people, as in audience members who interact with the piece, as opposed to trained singers or actors. Multimedia artwork is often presented in a curated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Museum">museum</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_museum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Art museum">gallery</a> setting, in which the piece is understood to be an extended form of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_art" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Visual art">visual art</a>. The creator of a multimedia work of art is typically someone with a formal background in visual art.</span></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b>Poetry</b> (from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Greek language">Greek</a> <i>poiesis</i> — <span lang="el">ποίησις</span> — with a broad meaning of a "making", seen also in such terms as "<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemopoiesis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Hemopoiesis">hemo<i>poiesis</i></a>"; more narrowly, the making of poetry) is a form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literature" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Literature">literary art</a> which uses the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aesthetics" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Aesthetics">aesthetic</a> qualities of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Language">language</a> to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prose" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Prose">prosaic</a> ostensible <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meaning_(linguistics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Meaning (linguistics)">meaning</a>.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Poetry has a long <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_poetry" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="History of poetry">history</a>, dating back to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumerian_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumerian language">Sumerian</a> <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_of_Gilgamesh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Epic of Gilgamesh">Epic of Gilgamesh</a></i>. Early poems evolved from folk songs such as the Chinese <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_of_Poetry" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Classic of Poetry">Shijing</a></i>, or from a need to retell oral epics, as with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit_literature" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sanskrit literature">Sanskrit</a> <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></i>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianism" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrian</a> <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gathas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gathas">Gathas</a></i>, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Homer">Homeric</a> epics, the <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliad" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Iliad">Iliad</a></i> and the <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odyssey" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i>. Ancient attempts to define poetry, such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>'s <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetics_(Aristotle)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Poetics (Aristotle)">Poetics</a></i>, focused on the uses of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_communication" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Speech communication">speech</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhetoric" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhetoric">rhetoric</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drama" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Drama">drama</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Song">song</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedy" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Comedy">comedy</a>. Later attempts concentrated on features such as repetition, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_(poetry)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Line (poetry)">verse form</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyme" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhyme">rhyme</a>, and emphasized the aesthetics which distinguish poetry from more objectively-informative, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prose" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Prose">prosaic</a> forms of writing. From the mid-20th century, poetry has sometimes been more generally regarded as a fundamental creative act employing language.</span></div>
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Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assonance" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Assonance">assonance</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliteration" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Alliteration">alliteration</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onomatopoeia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Onomatopoeia">onomatopoeia</a>and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythm" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhythm">rhythm</a> are sometimes used to achieve <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Music">musical</a> or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incantation" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Incantation">incantatory</a> effects. The use of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambiguity" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ambiguity">ambiguity</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbol" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Symbol">symbolism</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irony" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Irony">irony</a> and other <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stylistics_(linguistics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stylistics (linguistics)">stylistic</a> elements of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetic_diction" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Poetic diction">poetic diction</a> often leaves a poem open to multiple interpretations. Similarly, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Metaphor">metaphor</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simile" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Simile">simile</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonymy" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Metonymy">metonymy</a><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetry#cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup> create a resonance between otherwise disparate images—a layering of meanings, forming connections previously not perceived. Kindred forms of resonance may exist, between individual <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verse_(poetry)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Verse (poetry)">verses</a>, in their patterns of rhyme or rhythm.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-77564112884374171072012-11-12T15:58:00.000-08:002012-11-12T15:58:42.307-08:00Rulan Tangen and Dancing Earth<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAZfpG5onlVLnoPKjYSB9IOZH2JqJ7f4Lw2UwLkqwnIBoNyJdZDu3JIEXJvBQgOV1J5SSTpTHZeWX1mxzckNJKdDvfZMcbAcevpob74Wcic0IwK0KKuEthZuV13ZPXSF3sOtRNvMS0iIwD/s1600/de+07.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAZfpG5onlVLnoPKjYSB9IOZH2JqJ7f4Lw2UwLkqwnIBoNyJdZDu3JIEXJvBQgOV1J5SSTpTHZeWX1mxzckNJKdDvfZMcbAcevpob74Wcic0IwK0KKuEthZuV13ZPXSF3sOtRNvMS0iIwD/s400/de+07.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Rulan Tangen and Maori choreographer and CNZ</div>
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Fellowship winner Jack Gray in "Walking at the Edge of Water"</div>
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I discovered the incredible work of Rulan Tangen with Dancing Earth online and was overwhelmed with the the beauty of the still images and ambitious mission of this inter-tribal dance troupe led by Rulan Tangen, choreographer, artistic director, dancer and driving force behind the work of this troupe.<br />
I approached Rulan about including "Dancing Earth" in our new documentary in progress, the "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico". <br />
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Seeing her latest performance which she worked long and hard with the troupe to create did not disappoint but rather exceeded any expectation I could have had. "Walking at the Edge of Water" which premiered at the Lensic Theater in Santa Fe was moving, unique and spectacular.<br />
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This is a description from their website of the intention behind this performance:<a href="http://dancingearth.org/">http://dancingearth.org</a><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;"><strong>DANCING EARTH</strong></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;">’s performance -</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;"><strong>WALKING AT THE EDGE OF WATER</strong></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;"> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;">- is an inter-tribal contemporary dance expression of Indigenous water perspectives. Every creative aspect of this eco-production reflects cultural and environmental worldview, with Indigenous collaborators in movement, musical composition, language, video imagery, costume and visual art. This work is motivated by the urgings of Native grandmothers and invokes powerfully relevant water themes of creation, destruction and renewal.</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;"><strong>WALKING AT THE EDGE OF WATER </strong></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;">parallels ancestral healing rituals in a dance of inter-disciplinary Native expressions that is both primal and futuristic.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; line-height: 16px;">To see a further description of the inspiration, motivation and story behind "Walking at the Edge of water go to <a href="http://dancingearth.org/newwork.html">http://dancingearth.org/newwork.html</a></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr9wCRL6L75Lf5C9FQQGw6jYVWjjIeTNXQhRwFtyc8f6eRsvc_ohietx5HdCZrnM-vXILk2T35XWx7XXRGKR3enf-yps4ZJ_ehP5X9SNW08wnSmGM8QhCzIwDAedYi7DyNHsbHTL9tyMgS/s1600/Fran+&+Rulan+02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjr9wCRL6L75Lf5C9FQQGw6jYVWjjIeTNXQhRwFtyc8f6eRsvc_ohietx5HdCZrnM-vXILk2T35XWx7XXRGKR3enf-yps4ZJ_ehP5X9SNW08wnSmGM8QhCzIwDAedYi7DyNHsbHTL9tyMgS/s400/Fran+&+Rulan+02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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We interviewed Rulan at her apartment in Santa Fe and I found her to be passionate and articulate about the work of "Dancing Earth". This is a woman who has overcome many challenges that she has faced in her life to be the creative and driving force behind this very special inter-tribal dance troupe. She works constantly but is still the most organized person I have ever interviewed. She responds immediately to emails with dates that work for interviewing her and always kept us in the loop on possible shooting days to catch the troupe in practice and performance while she juggles the ongoing struggles of fundraising, grant writing and the demands of choreography, creative evolution of performances and a very demanding schedule of rehearsals as well as workshops for budding inter-tribal dance students.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC3tsn_TLwNhK3xZOj1L2O7hBSkvjE_k5PDZmRG2nP6oKiw9qddpV2Mnvgu9hy2ALGRQSKHbVHpecSWs7i4jNTsPg50YHoDm_XNGiWe55ugQpOzMjHAKVn3jGM_WxGvE188RYg0ic9Neq2/s1600/Fran+&+Rulan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC3tsn_TLwNhK3xZOj1L2O7hBSkvjE_k5PDZmRG2nP6oKiw9qddpV2Mnvgu9hy2ALGRQSKHbVHpecSWs7i4jNTsPg50YHoDm_XNGiWe55ugQpOzMjHAKVn3jGM_WxGvE188RYg0ic9Neq2/s400/Fran+&+Rulan.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Water is such a potent image and important issue in the arid southwest and for many tribal cultures all over the world. It is an issue that all of us need to address in all cultures as we pollute and put demands on the ecological systems that support this precious resource that sustains life on this planet. So it is particularly timely that Rulan has chosen to focus on this important issue and theme in Dancing Earth's magnificent performance. Here are some production stills from the performance which you will be able to see excerpts of in our documentary as well as our interview with Rulan.</div>
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Sina-Aurelia Soul-Bowe has a haunting voice as well as being a dramatic dancer. She is the product of Native, South Pacific and Afro-Latino bloodlines.</div>
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The above are production still grabs from Bob's shooting on our documentary. </div>
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You can also see more photographs of Dancing Earth's various performances done by Paulo Tavares who often shoots Rulan and Dancing Earth. </div>
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<a href="http://www.paulotphotography.com/#/page/home/">http://www.paulotphotography.com/#/page/home/</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.facebook.com/PauloTavPhoto">http://www.facebook.com/PauloTavPhoto</a></div>
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To read more about Dancing Earth go to their website and facebook page:</div>
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<a href="http://dancingearth.org/about.html">http://dancingearth.org/about.html</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #430204; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, san-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 16px;"><strong>DANCING EARTH CREATIONS</strong> is a non profit organization with the mission to support Indigenous dance and related arts, to encourage and revitalize awareness of diversity through artistic expression for the education and wellness of all peoples. This mission is active through the national work of DANCING EARTH Indigenous Intertribal dance Ensemble ( director Rulan Tangen) , and the year round Cuicacalli youth cultural dance training program (director Jesus “Jacoh” Cortes) in San Francisco.</span></div>
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<strong>DANCING EARTH</strong> has been named by Dance Magazine as “One of the Top 25 to Watch”, and are recipients of the National Museum of American Indian’s 2010 Expressive Arts Award. In every aspect of artistic collaboration – including dance, choreography, music, costume, lighting, video, stage managing - DANCING EARTH gathers Indigenous collaborators, including Nations of Blackfoot, Metis, Coushatta, Cambiva, Yaqui, Purepecha, Shoshone, Navajo, Cherokee, Hopi, Tewa, Tiwa, Towa, and Keresan of North Central and South America. They balance a commitment to share dances with regional, national and international communities at venues as varied as festivals , Universities , elementary-high schools, Native wellness gatherings, youth leadership symposiums, art museums , desert canyons , dried river beds, and symposiums for social-environmental justice. <strong>DANCING EARTH</strong> inspires creativity and cultural consciousness through community art practice, energetic dance training workshops, site specific rituals and full length eco-productions.<br />
“We gather as individual artists to create experimental yet elemental dances that reflect our rich cultural heritage and to explore identity as contemporary Native peoples. We strive to embody the unique essences of Indigenous multi-tribal perspectives by creation and renewal of artistic and cultural movement rituals. Ancient and futuristic, our dances are an elemental language of bone and blood memory in motion."<br />
<a href="http://www.facebook.com/DancingEarthCreations">http://www.facebook.com/DancingEarthCreations</a><br />
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-55264276572316179122012-11-11T12:51:00.000-08:002012-11-11T12:51:33.769-08:00"Tahlequah Sycamore" is acquired by Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUZ9iHjIvI26OagelH_OngpvW6cxLuauVb_-FDvgGDpEaWnFlLein2aIkh0nZy32pCpBlelQ3ckzGALBbcgZqD9cNai9k58beurj7G445Rj5ylxWH5qI4YagGMoxmzBE2Yz2S32Oukyu8Q/s1600/TahlequahSycamore72.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUZ9iHjIvI26OagelH_OngpvW6cxLuauVb_-FDvgGDpEaWnFlLein2aIkh0nZy32pCpBlelQ3ckzGALBbcgZqD9cNai9k58beurj7G445Rj5ylxWH5qI4YagGMoxmzBE2Yz2S32Oukyu8Q/s640/TahlequahSycamore72.jpeg" width="572" /></a></div>
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"Tahlequah Sycamore" 48" x 44", colored pencil on acrylic ground on panel</div>
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by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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This piece has just been acquired by the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee, Oklahoma for their permanent collection. They chose it out of my pieces that hung in the group exhibition I curated for our "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma" exhibition at the museum this past September and October. Our documentary of the same name aired on and continues to air on OETA, Oklahoma PBS. This was an exciting project to work on with funding from the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art. </div>
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I found wonderful sycamore, which are water loving trees, in Tahlequah, Oklahoma along the Illinois River when we visited there to interview conservation photographer Kim Baker. Sycamores grow well in river floodplains. Since they were not considered great wood for lumber the old trees have been allowed to flourish. I love their many colored peeling bark. </div>
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The director of the museum has told me that they have a wonderful spot for this piece right at the entrance to their permanent galleries. I am so honored to hang at this beautiful museum that has shown so much support for our project as well as giving me a solo show there December 21, 2007 to February 3, 2008. After the solo exhibition, my painting "Carambola and Roses" was acquired for their permanent collection. That painting done in the early renaissance technique of oil over egg tempera was an homage to my grandfather who inspired me with his beautiful tropical gardens in Florida. I came down to visit my grandparents once in St. Petersburg in April and found this magnificent spectacle of their carambola (starfruit) tree heavy with fruit and a red rose bush in full bloom beneath it.</div>
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"Carambola and Roses" by Fran Hardy hanging in the permanent collection of the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art</div>
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Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art</div>
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<a href="http://www.mgmoa.org/">http://www.mgmoa.org/</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #343232; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;">Founded in 1919, the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art is one of the oldest museums in the state of Oklahoma. Father Gregory Gerrer, for whom the museum is named, was a Benedictine monk of considerable artistic talent. During Father Gerrer's travels to Europe, Africa and South America, he collected objects of artistic and ethnological value.<br /><br />The museum's permanent collections include Egyptian, Greek and Roman objects; art from the Renaissance through the early 20th century; and large holdings of Native American African/Oceanic and Eastern cultural artifacts. In addition, the museum offers exciting special exhibitions throughout the year.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #343232; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;"><a href="http://www.facebook.com/mgmoa">http://www.facebook.com/mgmoa</a></span></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycamore">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycamore</a></div>
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<b>Sycamore</b> is a name which is applied at various times and places to three very different types of trees, but with somewhat similar leaf forms.</div>
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<li style="font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficus_sycomorus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ficus sycomorus">Ficus sycomorus</a></i>, the sycamore (or sycomore) of the Bible; a species of fig, also called the sycamore fig or fig-mulberry, native to the Middle East and eastern Africa</li>
<li style="font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_pseudoplatanus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Acer pseudoplatanus">Acer pseudoplatanus</a></i>, the sycamore of Britain and Ireland; a European maple tree, also called sycamore maple, great maple, or, the plane tree in Scotland</li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i style="font-size: 13px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Platanus">Platanus</a></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">, the sycamores of North America, known as planes in Europe</span><ul style="line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: square; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">
<li style="font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Platanus occidentalis">Platanus occidentalis</a></i>, the American sycamore</li>
<li style="font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_racemosa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Platanus racemosa">Platanus racemosa</a></i> (California sycamore or western sycamore)</li>
<li style="font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_wrightii" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Platanus wrightii">Platanus wrightii</a></i> (Arizona sycamore)</li>
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<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">I would think that the tree I painted is an American Sycamore and perhaps the ones I saw at the Gila River were Arizona Sycamore? If any of you are knowledgeable about this let me know.</li>
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Read about the reasons for the beautiful peeling bark of the american sycamore.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis</a></div>
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An American sycamore tree can often be easily distinguished from other trees by its mottled exfoliating bark, which flakes off in great irregular masses, leaving the surface mottled, and greenish-white, gray and brown. The bark of all trees has to yield to a growing trunk by stretching, splitting, or infilling; the Sycamore shows the process more openly than many other trees. The explanation is found in the rigid texture of the bark tissue, which lacks the elasticity of the bark of some other trees, so it is incapable of stretching to accommodate the growth of the wood underneath and the tree sloughs it off.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Keeler_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis#cite_note-Keeler-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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A sycamore can grow to massive proportions, typically reaching up to 30 to 40 meters (98 to 130 ft) high and 1.5 to 2 meters (4.9 to 6.6 ft) in diameter when grown in deep soils. The largest of the species have been measured to 51 meters (167 ft), and nearly 4 meters (13 ft) in diameter. Larger specimens were recorded in historical times. In 1770, near the junction of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanawha_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kanawha River">Kanawha</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ohio River">Ohio Rivers</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> recorded in his journal a sycamore measuring nearly 45 feet (14 m) in circumference at 3 feet (91 cm) from the ground.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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The sycamore tree is often divided near the ground into several secondary trunks, very free from branches. Spreading limbs at the top make an irregular, open head. Roots are fibrous. The trunks of large trees are often hollow.</div>
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Another peculiarity is the way the leaves grow sticky, green buds. In early August, most trees in general will have—nestled in the axils of their leaves—the tiny forming bud which will produce the leaves of the coming year. The sycamore branch apparently has no such buds. Instead there is an enlargement of the petiole which encloses the bud in a tight-fitting case at the base of the petiole.</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 10px;">Carambola (starfruit)</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 10px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carambola">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carambola</a></span></div>
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<b>Carambola</b>, also known as <b>starfruit</b>, is the fruit of <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Averrhoa_carambola" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Averrhoa carambola">Averrhoa carambola</a></i>, a species of tree native to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippines" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="India">India</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>. The fruit is popular throughout <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceania" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oceania">South Pacific</a> and parts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="East Asia">East Asia</a>. The tree is also cultivated throughout non-indigenous tropical areas, such as in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, and the southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United States">United States</a>.</div>
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The fruit has distinctive ridges running down its sides (usually five, but can sometimes vary); in cross-section, it resembles a star, hence its name. The entire fruit is edible and is usually eaten out of hand. They may also be used in cooking, and can be made into relishes, preserves, and juice drinks.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-83709718463169291382012-11-09T14:02:00.000-08:002012-11-09T14:02:39.895-08:00Desert Oasis in New Mexico Part Two<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Interviewing Martha Cooper, director of the Nature Conservancy's riparian preserves in southeastern New Mexico</div>
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shooting at an agricultural diversion on the Mimbres River at the Nature Conservancy's Mimbres River Preserve</div>
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On our first day in southwestern New Mexico exploring the Nature Conservancy's riparian preserves we met Martha Cooper, director of the two preserves at the Mimbres River Preserve. It is a more intimate setting than the Gila River with a river that seems more like a creek from my experiences on the east coast growing up. We were surrounded by beautiful trees and forest in the river bottom. The Mimbres River Valley is an oasis surrounded by desert. We saw beautiful box elder, black walnut, cottonwood and willows as well as number of other trees. On our drive into the valley we saw desert plants and cactus interspersed with green fields and the various other flora that this floodplain supports.<br />
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I love the places in New Mexico where water creates this dichotomy of desert and plants and trees that need more water.</div>
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The river is fed by springs such as this one that Bob is walking along with his camera trying to find the Chiricahua leopard frog. There is a large marsh fed by the spring. We were unable to see the actual frog but Bob did get shots of them jumping.</div>
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The grasslands in the flood plain of the Mimbres River. There are many native american pot shards etc on the bluffs from the tribes that live here.</div>
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Like the Gila River, the Mimbres is impacted by agricultural diversion and while the population is not large in the valley, it requires a balancing of human versus animal and native flora preservation. This river is the only place that the chihuahua chub can be found in the United States. The Nature Conservancy works hard to insure that this species of fish can survive. We interviewed Martha in the river bottom with the clear clean water rushing by. It is magical to hear the sound of water in our generally arid New Mexico ecosystem. This like many other special places in New Mexico demonstrates the great diversity of our state.</div>
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Fran and Martha crossing the river to go into the floodplain forests and fields</div>
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Shooting stills of the river for reference for possible paintings</div>
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Shooting stills of a black walnut tree for future paintings of trees. My passion</div>
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is ancient trees and trees of all kinds. You can see them on my website <a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a> </div>
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I didn't expect to find black walnuts in southern New Mexico as we had gorgeous old black walnuts on the farm we used to own in western Pennsylvania. What I find in New Mexico never ceases to amaze me.</div>
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This was one of those spectacular New Mexico days that makes one's heart ache for more days out in nature in our beautiful and unique state</div>
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This is just one of a flock of wild turkeys that we saw come by us in a long line across the grassland in the floodplain. Bob thought he was going to miss the shot as we were focused on shooting something else but then they just kept coming and coming one at a time in a long line.</div>
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When we climbed out of the valley toward Silver City I saw these wonderful plants with the efflorescence dried but still magnificent. I would like to see these when they first bloom. Is this a type of yucca. Can any of you tell me?</div>
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<a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/mimbres-river-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/mimbres-river-preserve.xml</a></div>
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In 1994, the Conservancy established the Mimbres River Preserve in southwestern New Mexico, near Silver City. The preserve is an irreplaceable riparian area covering 600 acres and five river miles. The river is a closed-basin desert stream—meaning its surface water never flows out of the Mimbres River basin. But over its 40-mile length, the Mimbres covers a wide and diverse landscape, from its headwaters near 10,000 feet in the Aldo Leopold Wilderness of the Gila National Forest to its terminus in the Chihuahuan Desert grasslands near the Mexican border.</div>
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The Mimbres watershed includes dense forests of Douglas fir and ponderosa pine, piñon-juniper savanna, desert grasslands, Chihuahuan desert scrub, riparian forests, cienegas (or marshes), springs and stream reaches that may be perennial, intermittent or ephemeral. The basin, located between the mountains of the Mogollon Rim, the Rio Grande watershed and the Chihuahuan Desert, has been alternatively isolated from and connected with other river systems over time. As a result, the Mimbres has evolved a remarkably diverse fauna and flora, including a handful of species, such as the Chihuahua chub, that are found nowhere else in the United States.</div>
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The waters of the Mimbres, replenished by abundant summer rainfall in the upper basin, also support an extensive network of cottonwood-willow forests, sacaton floodplain grasslands (a coarse perennial grass), hot and cold springs and other rare riparian communities.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River</a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>Mimbres River</b> is a 91-mile-long (146 km)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River#cite_note-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> river in southwestern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>. It forms from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Snow">snow</a> pack and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_runoff" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Surface runoff">runoff</a> on the south-western slopes of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Range" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Black Range">Black Range</a> and flows into a small <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endorheic_basin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Endorheic basin">endorheic basin</a> east of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deming,_New_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Deming, New Mexico">Deming, New Mexico</a>. The uplands watershed are administered by the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Forest_Service" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="US Forest Service">US Forest Service</a>, while the land in the Mimbres Valley is mostly privately owned. The upper reaches of the river are perennial.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-MRB-NMSU_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River#cite_note-MRB-NMSU-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> The river flows south from the Black Range and the surface flow of the river dissipates in the desert north of Deming, but the river bed and storm drainage continue eastward, any permanent flow remaining underground.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-wildlife_2-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River#cite_note-wildlife-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Hegmon_3-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River#cite_note-Hegmon-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> The Mimbres River Basin has an area of about 13,000 km² (5,140 mi²) and extends slightly into northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a>.</span><br />
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A wide diversity of species (37 species; excluding <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropod" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arthropod">arthropods</a> other than <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crustacean" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a>) are of great conservation concern. Eighteen species (49%) are classified as "vulnerable, imperiled, or critically imperiled" state wide as well as and nationally. Additionally 13 species are classified as "vulnerable, imperiled, or critically imperiled" in the state although they are secure nationally. Birds, mammals, amphibians, and reptiles are also of concern within the riparian, ephemeral and terrestrial habitats.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-wildlife_2-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River#cite_note-wildlife-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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The use of water from the Mimbres River is still a matter of contention.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimbres_River#cite_note-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mimbres_River&action=edit&section=2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Edit section: Mimbres culture">edit</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Mimbres_culture">Mimbres culture</span></h2>
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Mimbres bowls at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford_University" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a></div>
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Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogollon_culture#Mimbres_culture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mogollon culture">Mogollon culture#Mimbres culture</a></div>
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The Mimbres Basin supported the prehistoric Mimbres Culture, which was part of the larger <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogollon_culture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mogollon culture">Mogollon culture</a>. The culture developed from around 200 to 1000 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Era" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Common Era">CE</a>, known as the pithouse period. During this time the use of pottery increased and there was a greater dependence on agriculture throughout the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogollon_Mountains" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mogollon Mountains">Mogollon area</a>. This agriculture depended more and more upon irrigation from the perennial and storm flow of the Mimbres River. In the later part of the pithouse period distinctive<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mogollon_culture#Mimbres_pottery" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mogollon culture">Mimbres pottery black-on-white designs</a> grew more complex and ornate. Villages and irrigation complexes grew larger, and large <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiva" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiva">kivas</a> were built. These community ritual constructions were destroyed around 900 CE in huge ceremonial fires. This marked a major transition in social and ritual practices.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Turkey">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Turkey</a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>Wild Turkey</b> (<i>Meleagris gallopavo</i>) is native to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a> and is the heaviest member of the diverse <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliformes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Galliformes">Galliformes</a>. It is the same <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Species">species</a> as the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_turkey" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Domestic turkey">domestic turkey</a>, which was originally derived from a southern Mexican <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subspecies" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a> of Wild Turkey (not the related <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocellated_Turkey" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ocellated Turkey">Ocellated Turkey</a>). Although native to North America, the Wild Turkey got its name due to the trade routes in place. During the 16th Century, the the major trade route from the Americas and Asia required the goods to go to Constantinople in Turkey before being sent to Britain. The British at the time therefore, associated the Wild Turkey with the country Turkey and the name stuck.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Adult wild turkeys have long reddish-yellow to grayish-green legs. The body feathers are generally blackish and dark brown overall with a coppery sheen that becomes more complex in adult males. Adult males, called toms or gobblers, have a large, featherless, reddish head, red throat, and red <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wattle_(anatomy)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wattle (anatomy)">wattles</a> on the throat and neck. The head has fleshy growths called caruncles. Juvenile males are called jakes, the difference between an adult male and a juvenile is that the jake has a very short beard and his tail fan has longer feathers in the middle. The adult male's tail fan will be all the same length.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Turkey#cite_note-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> When males are excited, a fleshy flap on the bill expands, and this, the wattles and the bare skin of the head and neck all become engorged with blood, almost concealing the eyes and bill. The long fleshy object over a male's beak is called a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comb_(anatomy)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Comb (anatomy)">snood</a>. When a male turkey is excited, its head turns blue; when ready to fight, it turns red. Each foot has three toes, and males have a spur behind each of their lower legs.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_nigra">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_nigra</a></span></div>
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<i><b>Juglans nigra</b></i>, the <b>eastern black walnut</b>, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowering_plant" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flowering plant">flowering</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">tree</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Walnut">walnut</a> family, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglandaceae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Juglandaceae">Juglandaceae</a>, is native to eastern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a>. It grows mostly in<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riparian_zone" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Riparian zone">riparian zones</a>, from southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, west to southeast <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, south to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a> and southwest to central <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a>. Isolated wild trees in the upper <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa_Valley" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ottawa Valley">Ottawa Valley</a> may be an isolated native population or may have derived from planted trees.</div>
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The black walnut is a large deciduous tree attaining heights of 30–40 m (98–130 ft). Under forest competition, it develops a tall, clear <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trunk_(botany)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Trunk (botany)">bole</a>; the open-grown form has a short bole and broad crown. The bark is grey-black and deeply furrowed. The pith of the twigs contains air spaces. The leaves are alternate, 30–60 cm long, odd-pinnate with 15–23 leaflets, with the largest leaflets located in the center, 7–10 cm long and 2–3 cm broad. The male flowers are in drooping <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catkins" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Catkins">catkins</a> 8–10 cm long, the female flowers are terminal, in clusters of two to five, ripening during the autumn into a fruit (nut) with a brownish-green, semifleshy husk and a brown, corrugated nut. The whole fruit, including the husk, falls in October; the seed is relatively small and very hard. The tree tends to crop more heavily in alternate years. Fruiting may begin when the tree is 4-6 years old, however large crops take 20 years. Total lifespan of <i>J. nigra</i> is about 130 years.</div>
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While its primary native region is the Midwest and east-central United States, the black walnut was introduced into Europe in 1629. It is cultivated there and in North America as a forest tree for its high-quality wood. More nuts are produced by open-grown trees. Black walnut is more resistant to frost than the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_walnut" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="English walnut">English</a> or <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_walnut" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Persian walnut">Persian walnut</a>, but thrives best in the warmer regions of fertile, lowland soils with high water tables. It is a light-demanding species. The wood is used to make furniture, flooring, and rifle stocks, and oil is pressed from the seeds. Nuts are harvested by hand from wild trees. About 65% of the annual wild harvest comes from the U.S. state of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, and the largest processing plant is operated by <a class="external text" href="http://www.hammonsproducts.com/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #3366bb; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Hammons Products</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockton,_Missouri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stockton, Missouri">Stockton, Missouri</a>. The black walnut nutmeats are used as an ingredient in food, while the hard black walnut shell is used commercially in abrasive cleaning, cosmetics, and oil well drilling and water filtration.</div>
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Where the range of <i>J. nigra</i> overlaps that of the Texas black walnut <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_microcarpa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Juglans microcarpa">J. microcarpa</a></i>, the two species sometimes interbreed, producing populations with characteristics intermediate between the two species.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-49071561144466867912012-11-05T16:59:00.000-08:002012-11-05T16:59:00.567-08:00Desert Oasis in New Mexico<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1zXNXbbuCYsU_8ApfaDpHGIyZyN-XZ30Fhg9xQsk3bEZL_Go9qsxRoc_F8voSx9gwgBujlwYVcBLiN6CgUK40AeaX72XvsCc-aVsUlZDrd2olK506ie6F6xFC_8c2egCGlSJwzJ0zsqxc/s1600/DSCN2192.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1zXNXbbuCYsU_8ApfaDpHGIyZyN-XZ30Fhg9xQsk3bEZL_Go9qsxRoc_F8voSx9gwgBujlwYVcBLiN6CgUK40AeaX72XvsCc-aVsUlZDrd2olK506ie6F6xFC_8c2egCGlSJwzJ0zsqxc/s400/DSCN2192.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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free flowing stretch of the Gila River in southeastern New Mexico</div>
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We spent three days in southeastern New Mexico as guests of the Nature Conservancy and interviewed the director of two important preserves there. The Gila Riparian Preserve and the Mimbres River Preserve are two river oasis in a surrounding arid region fed by mountain snow and springs. As a lover of ancient trees I was feasted to ancient sycamores, cottonwoods, box elder and black walnuts that will inspire many paintings. The flood plain of both these rivers enables these trees to become massive and create a riparian delight most would not expect to see in New Mexico. Our state is diverse and captivating with unusual landscapes of such variety. Later we will visit the badlands with journalist and photographer Michael Ritchie who has worked hard to save these unique and completely different ecosystems carved by wind and water. There are ancient trees there too which need to be preserved. I spoke to the BLM forestry director for the region and he said that he had never expected the diversity of trees he has encountered since coming to work in New Mexico. We will show you all kinds of important trees in our state usually known for being a desert landscape. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRCnj4kn5rBEE9s8AYLU2tGGla3kajgwWSicR9lUI_ntNwgWX0RD-rmeAHvMr-EmvRy_d7StuxYGW8wJiBMdx_nHppsiltZvmH-He-d7wIfkC9FuobGYR9JRbpROX5YKEzKCP1a-NtN2iI/s1600/DSCF0357.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRCnj4kn5rBEE9s8AYLU2tGGla3kajgwWSicR9lUI_ntNwgWX0RD-rmeAHvMr-EmvRy_d7StuxYGW8wJiBMdx_nHppsiltZvmH-He-d7wIfkC9FuobGYR9JRbpROX5YKEzKCP1a-NtN2iI/s400/DSCF0357.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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one of the beautiful ancient sycamores in the floodplain of the Gila River where it is free flowing</div>
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The Gila is free flowing on it's upper reaches in New Mexico so there is a natural floodplain. Below that stretch it is impounded for agriculture by drainage ditches. It is one of the last major free flowing rivers in the southwest so a proposed impoundment of the river in Arizona is of great concern and could alter this riparian wonderland forever. Although it has been a year of drought, we were struck by the</div>
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difference in the lower stretches where the water is impounded for agriculture. Certainly we need to maintain a balance between the use of the river for agriculture and the natural bounty of a free flowing river and this is one of the things that the Nature Conservancy hopes to foster in this unique place.</div>
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We interviewed Martha Cooper, director of the two riparian preserves. She put us up at </div>
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the Lichty Environmental Research Center in the Gila Preserve where she also lives with her husband and 18 month old daughter. Many ecologists, hydrologists etc come through the center to study the river and surrounding wildlife and environment. We have incredible night skies where we live in Lamy, New Mexico but nothing like the display of stars and planets at the preserve which is not affected by the glow of light pollution we experience from Santa Fe and Albuquerque.</div>
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The following are all pictures of us shooting with Martha Cooper as she shows us the Gila River and how it is affected by agricultural drainage. Still beautiful but not the rapidly flowing river above the diversions. Her task is to balance the natural order while allowing agriculture which has traditionally been in this valley to continue to supply food and income for the residents of the area. </div>
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Bob shooting a slow moving stretch of the river affected by drought and water diversion</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzmnuXZQNBBdddMfEtzgG90w5eLn-gfGAws5r_AmkVr5eNzc8mywR25HcwJgkiIxikJLhzIAHjKm0DMqIWTFQzwyUYXgFoNDxRuVFXxTmEu1k3Suswl_PFhvvImlJ7BHFh1Qf0mb8D4Ya3/s1600/DSCN1769.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzmnuXZQNBBdddMfEtzgG90w5eLn-gfGAws5r_AmkVr5eNzc8mywR25HcwJgkiIxikJLhzIAHjKm0DMqIWTFQzwyUYXgFoNDxRuVFXxTmEu1k3Suswl_PFhvvImlJ7BHFh1Qf0mb8D4Ya3/s400/DSCN1769.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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Martha Cooper, director of the preserve in the floodplain</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQcMoM5HscFjpBWkrzNa3Oj_QfQZQZUFcB1Rtuc27d22G2mUIBGUg93eMWDF_ZtE0HKpNYEuDylykpxKr8yZvfk1SDipXqywUOW_8tysyBJMNhO8KK9vQXV4WAg5RfeFvJ9q2-0XEPrHzO/s1600/DSCN1757.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQcMoM5HscFjpBWkrzNa3Oj_QfQZQZUFcB1Rtuc27d22G2mUIBGUg93eMWDF_ZtE0HKpNYEuDylykpxKr8yZvfk1SDipXqywUOW_8tysyBJMNhO8KK9vQXV4WAg5RfeFvJ9q2-0XEPrHzO/s400/DSCN1757.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYX4jv36AlTofOPHbCBrzOyeEbWHxrF2SoRX7E-8DZNURdQKH9c0cU2M0h0u9Rr3nRtSrdvYFYajpeJEpi6heIdo8rxOmXL8j_KIE01z57tDAKr8DdLQbyg6eaakGO733FYnOpEXTCHCLf/s1600/DSCN2265.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYX4jv36AlTofOPHbCBrzOyeEbWHxrF2SoRX7E-8DZNURdQKH9c0cU2M0h0u9Rr3nRtSrdvYFYajpeJEpi6heIdo8rxOmXL8j_KIE01z57tDAKr8DdLQbyg6eaakGO733FYnOpEXTCHCLf/s400/DSCN2265.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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magnificent cottonwoods and black walnut trees can be found here as well as willows in the wetland areas</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhg6zoG_TO2kaqfgaui-jtOrXeuMLaMUZT3K0IYrnRi2GwBWCO5bcrvWtGhX_X7_4jpZPF1RZewpYZxTenvFTSSBubPQ5VM2tkbSCork-YS-zc_cE1Qt9FHgPF9KuTKpKHYpdpv2us4sg6j/s1600/DSCN2277.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhg6zoG_TO2kaqfgaui-jtOrXeuMLaMUZT3K0IYrnRi2GwBWCO5bcrvWtGhX_X7_4jpZPF1RZewpYZxTenvFTSSBubPQ5VM2tkbSCork-YS-zc_cE1Qt9FHgPF9KuTKpKHYpdpv2us4sg6j/s400/DSCN2277.JPG" width="225" /></a></div>
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one of Martha's favorite spots below a spreading black walnut</div>
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We are so lucky that doing this work on the Earth Chronicles Project enables us to visit these incredible places and meet exceptional people who work with art, ecology and culture in such unique and diverse ways.</div>
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<a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/the-gila-riparian-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/the-gila-riparian-preserve.xml</a></div>
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The Gila Riparian Preserve protects more than 1,200 acres of the southwest's fragile riparian habitat and the verdant gallery woodland among the Gila River, the last of the southwest's major free-flowing rivers.<br /><br />In 2009, the Conservancy added four acres of important riverside habitat to the Gila Riparian Preserve. The new stretch inserts an important piece to this project area, which includes the preserve and more than 250,000 acres collaboratively managed by the Conservancy, local landowners, federal and state agencies and local organizations.<br /><br />The Conservancy's long-term vision for the preserve is simple: Let the river rediscover its natural floodplain and enable new cottonwoods and willows to spring up, providing habitat for neotropical migratory songbirds, especially southwest willow flycatcher—a species whose population is in trouble.<br /><br />The Gila River supports one of the highest concentrations of breeding birds in North America and an astonishing array of plant and animal life. In the river are found several fish, including the loach minnow and spikedace, which are federally listed as threatened. A host of other rare animal species also use the preserve's habitats.<br /><br />A portion of the preserve is owned by the Conservancy in conjunction with the State of New Mexico pursuant to the Natural Lands Protection Act. Further down the river, the Conservancy was instrumental in protecting 560 acres in the Gila Lower Box which is now managed by the Bureau of Land Management.</div>
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The <a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/newmexico/placesweprotect/new-mexico-lichty-ecological-research-center.xml" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #3688ae; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;" target="">Lichty Ecological Research Center</a>, located on the preserve, is a research hub designed to advance understanding of the Gila and Mimbres watersheds.</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><i><b>black walnut trees:</b></i></span></div>
Juglans nigra</b></i>, the <b>eastern black walnut</b>, a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowering_plant" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flowering plant">flowering</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">tree</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walnut" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Walnut">walnut</a> family, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglandaceae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Juglandaceae">Juglandaceae</a>, is native to eastern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a>. It grows mostly in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riparian_zone" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Riparian zone">riparian zones</a>, from southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, west to southeast <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Dakota" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>, south to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>, northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a> and southwest to central <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a>. </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_nigra">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_nigra</a></span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #3b342d; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px;"></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The black walnut is a large deciduous tree attaining heights of 30–40 m (98–130 ft). Under forest competition, it develops a tall, clear <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trunk_(botany)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Trunk (botany)">bole</a>; the open-grown form has a short bole and broad crown. The bark is grey-black and deeply furrowed. The pith of the twigs contains air spaces. The leaves are alternate, 30–60 cm long, odd-pinnate with 15–23 leaflets, with the largest leaflets located in the center, 7–10 cm long and 2–3 cm broad. The male flowers are in drooping <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catkins" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Catkins">catkins</a> 8–10 cm long, the female flowers are terminal, in clusters of two to five, ripening during the autumn into a fruit (nut) with a brownish-green, semifleshy husk and a brown, corrugated nut. The whole fruit, including the husk, falls in October; the seed is relatively small and very hard. The tree tends to crop more heavily in alternate years. Fruiting may begin when the tree is 4-6 years old, however large crops take 20 years. Total lifespan of <i>J. nigra</i></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> is about 130 years.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 19px;"><b>cottonwood trees:</b></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populus_sect._Aigeiros">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populus_sect._Aigeiros</a></div>
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<b><i>Populus</i> section <i>Aigeiros</i></b> is a section of three species in the genus <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Populus">Populus</a></i>, the poplars. Commonly known as <b>cottonwoods</b>, the species are native to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aigeiros" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Aigeiros">Aigeiros</a> and western <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia">Asia</a>. In the past, as many as six species were recognized, but recent trends have been to accept just three species, treating the others as subspecies of <i>P. deltoides</i>.</div>
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They are large, deciduous <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">trees</a> 20–45 m tall, distinguished by thick, deeply fissured <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bark">bark</a> and triangular-based to diamond-shaped <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Leaf">leaves</a> that are green on both sides (without the whitish wax on the undersides of balsam poplar leaves) and without any obvious balsam scent in spring. An important feature of the leaves is the petiole, which is flattened sideways so that the leaves have a particular type of movement in the wind.</div>
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Male and female <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flower">flowers</a> are in separate <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catkin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Catkin">catkins</a>, appearing before the leaves in spring. The seeds are borne on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cotton">cottony</a> structures that allow them to be blown long distances in the air before settling to ground.</div>
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A cottonwood tree in the fall</div>
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The cottonwoods are exceptionally tolerant of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flooding" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flooding">flooding</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Erosion">erosion</a> and flood deposits filling around the trunk.</div>
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Although each of the three cottonwood species has a different leaf pattern, they all have the same general diamond leaf shape.</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-18667630548978130032012-10-22T13:44:00.000-07:002012-10-22T13:44:53.372-07:00Our first New Mexico shooting location: Toadlena Trading Post and the magnificent Navajo weavings of the Two Grey Hills<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Interviewing Mark Winters owner of Toadlena Trading Post</div>
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Mark and Linda Winters graciously put us up at Toadlena Trading Post and Museum in Toadlena, New Mexico while we shot a segment on them and their work with the highly respected Navajo weavers of the Two Grey Hills. I highly recommend a visit to this historic trading post. Not only will you see an active trading post but the weavings of the Toadlena/Two Grey Hills are famous for the their beauty and their finely spun and woven craftsmanship and design. The weavers of the Two Grey Hills are held in high esteem for achieving a standard that others strive to reach. Mark and Linda put in long and demanding hours promoting not only the master weavings of deceased weavers but also the up and coming generations and help them to sell their weavings at prices these exquisite weavings richly deserve so that the weavers of Toadlena/Two Grey Hills can continue their tradition and make much deserved income. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCG_QDdkaDFF6X-pZ7P6EvetKd2RjMzxJphWUKar_s2LgH3O5wpmfWzPasqHCfHn0seYaovj_EdNVHdVfvQ6JcOP8n3EHfV5l5D3oQkAYHl4GNlv_dxDzCDoOvVjTZTRHsiTJhuTF-HF72/s1600/DSCN1453.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCG_QDdkaDFF6X-pZ7P6EvetKd2RjMzxJphWUKar_s2LgH3O5wpmfWzPasqHCfHn0seYaovj_EdNVHdVfvQ6JcOP8n3EHfV5l5D3oQkAYHl4GNlv_dxDzCDoOvVjTZTRHsiTJhuTF-HF72/s400/DSCN1453.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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One of the beautiful grandmothers came in with a weaving she had just completed to show Mark. He purchases their weavings for sale at the trading post and documents each one with a photograph of them with their weaving that they take home as well as him maintaining a record. </div>
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More about some of the weavers in my next blogpost. Mark keeps extensive records of all the weavings and their lineage from the different families of the Toadlena/Two Grey Hills. He has written a voluminous book which he spent over 23 years on as an amazing labor of love, that chronicles the history and shows an extensive record of the weavers starting with Navajo grandmothers, some of whom have passed on and those still living and the legacy of weaving that continues with their descendants. Here is more information on the book and how to buy it.</div>
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<a href="http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/cgi-bin/dada/mail.cgi/archive/toadlena/20110804161031/">http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/cgi-bin/dada/mail.cgi/archive/toadlena/20110804161031/</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/store/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2&products_id=350">http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/store/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2&products_id=350</a></div>
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I also highly recommend a trip to the trading post where you can purchase the book and see and purchase the weavings in person. They also mount shows in the museum attached to the post. Not only is the post full of the wonderful weavings of the Toadlena/Two Grey Hills but it is also a vital trading post that sells food and other necessities to the locals. On a busy day you will also see many of the weavers coming in to sell their latest weavings to the trading post or locals purchasing necessities. </div>
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The beautiful subtle palette of the weavings of the Toadlena/Two Grey Hills weavings come from the undyed natural wool. Carding (combing or blending) various colors together creates additional shades broadening the range and palette of color. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGahHkvLtbWXa1HSvs1zMC6fDxrsJZBwlnlRFwBOwlw-pFtb8JBfDnfCKADYa5HrG1_FWxRgpq7zg8QykKBI4A0Mjm2otHdzyRh876yno4XQi_j09h5gVaVgHNoktuVJPIM0tgDNRojbN6/s1600/DSCN1451.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGahHkvLtbWXa1HSvs1zMC6fDxrsJZBwlnlRFwBOwlw-pFtb8JBfDnfCKADYa5HrG1_FWxRgpq7zg8QykKBI4A0Mjm2otHdzyRh876yno4XQi_j09h5gVaVgHNoktuVJPIM0tgDNRojbN6/s400/DSCN1451.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
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The Two Grey Hills</div>
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Stay tuned for more about our trip and shooting at Toadlena/Two Grey Hills and some of the weavers on upcoming blog posts.</div>
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<strong>Toadlena Trading Post</strong> operates in the same way trading posts have since the 1870s—directly with the weaver and her family. You are offered the unique opportunity to acquire a textile of timeless beauty, acknowledged excellence and lasting value.</div>
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The Navajo weaver is following the “Path of Beauty” with a skill passed down from Spider Woman. We invite you to visit the Toadlena Trading Post in New Mexico or follow the progress of the weavers on our web site.</div>
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A map to Toadlena Trading Post:</div>
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<a href="http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/map.html">http://www.toadlenatradingpost.com/map.html</a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"><b>Directions:</b> From Gallup, drive 1 hour north on Hwy </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">491 (old 666)</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">.<br />Take the 2nd entrance to Toadlena at the Shell Gas Station.</span>Follow the signs from the Shell Gas Station.</div>
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<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Farmington</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">McGee Park & Coliseum</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Aztec Ruins National Monument</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Salmon Ruin & San Juan Archaeological Center</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Navajo Lake State Park</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Angel Peak Recreation Area</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Bisti Wilderness</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Chaco Culture National Historical Park</span></li>
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<li value="9"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Shiprock Pinnacle</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Window Rock Navajo Tribal Park</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Canyon de Chelly National Monument</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Monument Valley</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Four Corners Monument</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Mesa Verde National Park</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">Durango & Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad</span></li>
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Toadlena Trading Post<br />
P.O. Box 8014<br />
Newcomb, NM 87455</div>
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Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-974233540743168152012-10-07T19:02:00.000-07:002012-10-11T15:58:47.974-07:00Earth Chronicles Project Oklahoma exhibition at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Entrance to the exhibition</div>
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Our exhibition 'Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma' opened September 14th and is running until October 28th at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee, Oklahoma. <a href="http://www.mgmoa.org/">http://www.mgmoa.org</a><br />
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Our documentary of the same name is still airing on Oklahoma PBS. The next airing is October 12th at 10am and 3 pm on their OKLA station.<br />
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Below is a visual walk through of the exhibit which contains artists interviewed in the documentary and an installation on the trees and native plants of Oklahoma by co-producer, curator and environmental artist, Fran Hardy.<br />
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The artists included in the exhibition are Jeri Redcorn, Caddo potter, Grace Grothaus's synthetic and interactive landscapes, Jack Bryan and Katherine Liontas-Warren and their very different depictions of the Wichita Mountains, Dr. Ian Thompson, Choctaw pots and traditional arts, Sue Folsom, Choctaw beadwork, Kim Baker, conservation photographer and Fran Hardy, environmental artist.</div>
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Installation on the trees of Oklahoma with Jeri Redcorn's pots in case to right and Choctaw dress by Sue Folsom to the left with charcoal drawings by Katherine Liontas-Warren on back wall</div>
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View of case containing Choctaw work by Dr. Ian Thompson and Sue Folsom with Grace Grothaus's work to the right</div>
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Keystone Ancient Forest and Quintus's River Birch by Fran Hardy</div>
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More trees of Oklahoma by Fran Hardy</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC1JkblLBCILMxLCronohaAnrw_VJqA66Zc_0q66RqSX6S2c5lIFnAv6lUOdY5x8lLoK0M2t0BKlWrA_D5GUXYL_1ROtrExoYEFtUqW5z-9yxGJo3lYP_e6Hkc3_d4KvjpmHMciYkYVIfo/s1600/Jack+DSCF0184-72.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="427" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC1JkblLBCILMxLCronohaAnrw_VJqA66Zc_0q66RqSX6S2c5lIFnAv6lUOdY5x8lLoK0M2t0BKlWrA_D5GUXYL_1ROtrExoYEFtUqW5z-9yxGJo3lYP_e6Hkc3_d4KvjpmHMciYkYVIfo/s640/Jack+DSCF0184-72.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Jack Bryan's work with display of his painting and drawing tools</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcPXbad1z7Q-VqTlfWh-Gq3qfHlg-tptSxmVkn4nqHbScQIHZitMYeBISDX4xSG2aHzc7lXXA0w-nCqrOcdgUk0oADwTrsjBCk1kjBjafVApXHNq3NFLMdFTEgK3kRDixpwvJ9BOOtoRoS/s1600/Kim+DSCF0191-72.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="427" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcPXbad1z7Q-VqTlfWh-Gq3qfHlg-tptSxmVkn4nqHbScQIHZitMYeBISDX4xSG2aHzc7lXXA0w-nCqrOcdgUk0oADwTrsjBCk1kjBjafVApXHNq3NFLMdFTEgK3kRDixpwvJ9BOOtoRoS/s640/Kim+DSCF0191-72.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Kim Baker's photographs of rivers and waterways of Oklahoma</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRIlonkoslHKj0pcehw4RDYP3fpNMKHAPkH1T9ZxhWrK2mWSjSxO3qW8AtOWGf2gK82pfwC4vVRLLnvhOz8aNTaWiCoDOt_5cM_3Eey0VDMMSdVdxPIglLX6O0EDoSkU0LEwh47MXf3VZe/s1600/fran+wide+DSCF0179-72.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRIlonkoslHKj0pcehw4RDYP3fpNMKHAPkH1T9ZxhWrK2mWSjSxO3qW8AtOWGf2gK82pfwC4vVRLLnvhOz8aNTaWiCoDOt_5cM_3Eey0VDMMSdVdxPIglLX6O0EDoSkU0LEwh47MXf3VZe/s640/fran+wide+DSCF0179-72.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Jeri Redcorn's pots and Fran Hardy's trees and native plants</div>
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Grace Grothaus:</div>
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<a href="http://www.gracegrothaus.com/">http://www.gracegrothaus.com</a></div>
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Jeri Redcorn:</div>
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<a href="http://redcornpottery.com/about.html">http://redcornpottery.com/about.html</a></div>
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Kim Baker:</div>
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<a href="http://www.oklahomaphotography.com/#p=-1&a=0&at=0">http://www.oklahomaphotography.com/#p=-1&a=0&at=0</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.oklacps.com/?page_id=19">http://www.oklacps.com/?page_id=19</a></div>
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Dr. Ian Thompson, Sue Folsom:</div>
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<a href="http://www.choctawnation.com/">http://www.choctawnation.com/</a></div>
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Jack Bryan:</div>
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<a href="http://www.artistjackbryan.com/">http://www.artistjackbryan.com/</a></div>
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Katherine Liontas-Warren:</div>
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<a href="http://www.katherineliontas.com/portfolio/main.php?g2_itemId=183">http://www.katherineliontas.com/portfolio/main.php?g2_itemId=183</a></div>
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Some special places depicted in the exhibition:</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wichita_Mountains">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wichita_Mountains</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>Wichita Mountains</b> are located in the southwestern portion of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wichita_Mountains#cite_note-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup> The mountains are a northwest-southeast trending series of rocky promontories, many capped by 540 million-year old granite. These were exposed and rounded by weathering during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permian" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Permian">Permian</a> Period. The eastern end of the mountains offers 1,000 feet (305 m) of topographic relief in a region otherwise dominated by gently rolling grasslands.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">Keystone Ancient Forest/Crosstimbers</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/keystone-ancient-forest-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/keystone-ancient-forest-preserve.xml</a></span></div>
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For another day on top of the centuries that have come and gone, the winter trees of the <strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Keystone Ancient Forest Preserve</strong> raise their twisted branches against whatever might come of this latest weather assault sweeping across Lake Keystone.</div>
<div style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font: inherit; line-height: 16px; margin-bottom: 18px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
Ice? Fire? Drought? <strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This ancient forest is made of tougher stuff</strong>than most people know. These hard-crusted trees, some of them 300, 400, even 500 years old, stand as a sage army of post oaks and redcedars, undisturbed, unyielding, less than 15 miles from Tulsa, marking the gateway from the deciduous forests of the East to the prairies of the West.</div>
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Fortunately, the craggy terrain has left developers unwilling or unable to tackle the area. Some of these trees have had their tops knocked off by wind or broken by ice some time over the passing centuries. But they'd be here, lush in the spring, painted in the fall or bare in winter when visitors can see through the maze of branches over the high bluffs on windy days and watch cloud shadows chase sun streaks across the lake below.</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;">The Illinois River which begins in Arkansas and extends into Oklahoma:</span></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_River_(Arkansas)">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_River_(Arkansas)</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>Illinois River</b> is a 145-mile-long (233 km)<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NHD_0-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_River_(Arkansas)#cite_note-NHD-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup> tributary of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arkansas River">Arkansas River</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._state" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="U.S. state">U.S. states</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>. The Osage Indians named it Ne-eng-wah-kon-dah, which translates as "Medicine Stone River." The state of Oklahoma has designated its portion as a Scenic River.</span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 10px;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">Four Canyon Preserve</span>:</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 10px;"><a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/four-canyon-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/four-canyon-preserve.xml</a></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;">The Conservancy's <strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Four Canyon Preserve</strong> encompasses 4,000 acres of mixed-grass prairie, rugged canyons, and floodplain along the Canadian River in southern Ellis County. Scenic prairie ridges traverse the landscape, dissected by deep chinquapin oak-lined canyons draining to the river. These prairies provide habitat for a number of rare grassland birds, such as Cassin's sparrow and Swainson's hawk, and additional species of concern including reptiles like the Texas horned lizard, as well as numerous state-rare plants. The cool, wooded canyons stand in contrast to the surrounding prairies, and provide habitat for birds like red-bellied woodpecker and painted bunting. The Canadian River on the preserve provides habitat for the federally endangered least tern, the threatened Arkansas River shiner, as well as stopover habitat for migratory shorebirds including the sandhill crane.</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;">Tallgrass Prairie:</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="line-height: 16px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallgrass_Prairie_Preserve">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallgrass_Prairie_Preserve</a></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>Tallgrass Prairie Preserve</b>, located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osage_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Osage County, Oklahoma">Osage County, Oklahoma</a> near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foraker,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Foraker, Oklahoma">Foraker, Oklahoma</a>, is owned and managed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Nature_Conservancy" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="The Nature Conservancy">The Nature Conservancy</a>. It is protected as the largest tract of remaining <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallgrass_prairie" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tallgrass prairie">tallgrass prairie</a> in the world. The preserve contains 39,000 acres (160 km<sup style="line-height: 1em;">2</sup>) owned by the Conservancy and another 6,000 acres (24 km<sup style="line-height: 1em;">2</sup>) leased in what was the original tallgrass region of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a> that stretched from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a> to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manitoba" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a>.</span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: black; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/tallgrass-prairie-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/tallgrass-prairie-preserve.xml</a></span></span></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;">The Tallgrass Prairie Preserve is the largest protected remnant of tallgrass prairie left on earth. Originally spanning portions of 14 states from Texas to Minnesota, urban sprawl and conversion to cropland have left less than 10% of this magnificent American landscape. Since 1989, the Conservancy has proven successful at restoring this fully-functioning portion of the tallgrass prairie ecosystem with the use of about 2500 free-roaming bison and a "patch-burn" model approach to prescribed burning.</span></span></div>
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<br />Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-77408282099765714232012-09-06T13:41:00.000-07:002012-09-06T13:41:20.141-07:00Earth Chronicles Project: Oklahoma opening of exhibit and airing on PBS In the culmination of an enormous amount of work on our part as well as the museum, our Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma, our exhibition of the artists interviewed in the documentary and an installation on the trees of Oklahoma by environmental artist, curator of the exhibit and co-producer, Fran Hardy opens at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee, OK September 14th at 7pm. There will be a reception and many of the artists will be in attendance. You are invited to come. <a href="http://www.mgmoa.org/">http://www.mgmoa.org/</a><br />
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The documentary on the art, ecological sustainability and cultural preservation in Oklahoma which drives the exhibition will be airing on OETA, Oklahoma PBS September 13 at 7pm and September 14 at 5am. Be prepared to see many places and people you may never have dreamed would have been in this far more diverse state than most people realize. <a href="http://www.oeta.tv/">http://www.oeta.tv/</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqaWtySiw39ICqF6SyXz0QIrOFOXG7WXsdX-tyXe1ARZ36MLVcSd_gdMUa9Pk8QRK4eW_FTtARpbaCdYySM7BZyl7zT7Lp4rUN5Lh7lGMc3DYFYTGYLNzivKTy5RDKC9ZTsYf09GCPeLrz/s1600/Four+Canyon72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="345" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqaWtySiw39ICqF6SyXz0QIrOFOXG7WXsdX-tyXe1ARZ36MLVcSd_gdMUa9Pk8QRK4eW_FTtARpbaCdYySM7BZyl7zT7Lp4rUN5Lh7lGMc3DYFYTGYLNzivKTy5RDKC9ZTsYf09GCPeLrz/s400/Four+Canyon72.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Four Canyon, 44" x 48", oil over egg tempera, watercolor, graphite and acrylic</div>
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by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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In a diversion from the rest of my pieces in the show this one celebrates the unique ecology and native plants of the Nature Conservancy's Four Canyon Preserve near Leedey, OK. Some of my pieces included in the exhibition, show trees that I discovered in other Nature Conservancy Preserves such as Treebeard Lives in the Tallgrass Prairie and Keystone Ancient Forest. <a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a></div>
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We have an exciting roster of artists in the show including Grace Grothaus and her synthetic landscapes utilizing modern technologies, Katherine Liontas-Warren and Jack Bryan who depict and celebrate in very different ways the rocky landscape of the Wichita Mountains, Jeri Redcorn, who revived the pottery tradition of her Caddo ancestors, Kim Baker, conservation photographer who uses her work to bring attention to the plight of Oklahoma waterways, Dr. Ian Thompson, Choctaw archaeologist and Sue Folsom who keep the Choctaw culture alive through their work based on traditional Choctaw pottery, beadwork and objects that have been used in their culture. All of these artists are innovative and masters of their craft as well as keeping important culture alive in Oklahoma while referencing what makes their state so unique and diverse. </div>
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Grace Grothaus <a href="http://www.ggrothausart.com/">http://www.ggrothausart.com/</a></div>
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Kim Baker <a href="http://www.oklahomaphotography.com/">http://www.oklahomaphotography.com/</a> <a href="http://www.oklacps.com/?page_id=19">http://www.oklacps.com/?page_id=19</a></div>
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Katherine Liontas-Warren <a href="http://katherineliontas.com/index.html">http://katherineliontas.com/index.html</a></div>
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Jack Bryan <a href="http://www.artistjackbryan.com/">http://www.artistjackbryan.com/</a></div>
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Jeri Redcorn <a href="http://www.redcornpottery.com/index.html">http://www.redcornpottery.com/index.html</a></div>
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Dr. Ian Thompson <a href="http://www.choctawnation.com/culture-heritage/">http://www.choctawnation.com/culture-heritage/</a></div>
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Sue Folsom <a href="http://www.choctawnation.com/culture-heritage/">http://www.choctawnation.com/culture-heritage/</a> </div>
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Details from my painting Four Canyon that show you the various native plants, a vista from the preserve and patterns based on Kiowa-Apache beadwork and designs</div>
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copyright Fran Hardy</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6_VrJAKZdtDPm10qaP1arO5jo0T1jARB68aQdIpeyFnWqDHOrAhwHqN6-YHDSW-COz7QD7n0jqXQBbiJT3Dpm4znvzslWEC0hDuk7P5mT08FYPQxgmUx2vpeBWO9gHSbK2zxAZWAKIm7Y/s1600/Four+Canyon+detail+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="457" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6_VrJAKZdtDPm10qaP1arO5jo0T1jARB68aQdIpeyFnWqDHOrAhwHqN6-YHDSW-COz7QD7n0jqXQBbiJT3Dpm4znvzslWEC0hDuk7P5mT08FYPQxgmUx2vpeBWO9gHSbK2zxAZWAKIm7Y/s640/Four+Canyon+detail+1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjomaimo95_L1Ops4CYZHsn8rthMTpmiIXpwft7jpTZNPNlOvZACZ6iD5Pyn45orhyphenhypheneZdEkH-w2SGNv2xgMHEHmGdmiA3fY2L4_Jwwpok9eZT8-D-AklGxXGsOV2AJRzUiVIh3Lr1XqDVkO/s1600/Four+Canyon+detail+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="472" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjomaimo95_L1Ops4CYZHsn8rthMTpmiIXpwft7jpTZNPNlOvZACZ6iD5Pyn45orhyphenhypheneZdEkH-w2SGNv2xgMHEHmGdmiA3fY2L4_Jwwpok9eZT8-D-AklGxXGsOV2AJRzUiVIh3Lr1XqDVkO/s640/Four+Canyon+detail+2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir-BJND5zE9QANczfHzQdsBdK_ZOBVtkNA3G2biKCh8K5mJqKb09pQDglK3WBFfLm4AVhR7hORBQvYmYKrlM7-omeFCaYkcRBcX-epFLBHAdzBjPnmEsft7natKAqEp6T9Zy2CpkIX2pk-/s1600/Four+Canyon+detail+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="460" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir-BJND5zE9QANczfHzQdsBdK_ZOBVtkNA3G2biKCh8K5mJqKb09pQDglK3WBFfLm4AVhR7hORBQvYmYKrlM7-omeFCaYkcRBcX-epFLBHAdzBjPnmEsft7natKAqEp6T9Zy2CpkIX2pk-/s640/Four+Canyon+detail+3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/four-canyon-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/four-canyon-preserve.xml</a></div>
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The Conservancy's <strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Four Canyon Preserve</strong> encompasses 4,000 acres of mixed-grass prairie, rugged canyons, and floodplain along the Canadian River in southern Ellis County. Scenic prairie ridges traverse the landscape, dissected by deep chinquapin oak-lined canyons draining to the river. These prairies provide habitat for a number of rare grassland birds, such as Cassin's sparrow and Swainson's hawk, and additional species of concern including reptiles like the Texas horned lizard, as well as numerous state-rare plants. The cool, wooded canyons stand in contrast to the surrounding prairies, and provide habitat for birds like red-bellied woodpecker and painted bunting. The Canadian River on the preserve provides habitat for the federally endangered least tern, the threatened Arkansas River shiner, as well as stopover habitat for migratory shorebirds including the sandhill crane.</div>
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<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Biodiversity Threats in the area</strong> include habitat fragmentation and loss, invasive plant species such as eastern redcedar, saltcedar, and old world bluestem, hydrologic alteration, and incompatible land management practices.</div>
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<strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">What the Conservancy is doing now</strong> will restore ecological function and integrity to this landscape. Following an initial rest period, prescribed fire will be used to control the spread of invasive eastern redcedar and to manage the habitat for wildlife. Efforts are underway to remove exotic plants such as old world bluestem from native prairie areas and to clear saltcedar from the Canadian River floodplain.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache</a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>Plains Apache</b> are a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Athabaskan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Southern Athabaskan">Southern Athabaskan</a> group that traditionally live on the Southern Plains of North America and today are centered in Southwestern<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>. The tribe is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribes" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Federally recognized tribes">federally recognized</a> as the <b>Apache Tribe of Oklahoma</b></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">.</span><br />
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The <b>Plains Apache</b> are also known as the <b>Kiowa Apache</b>, <b>Naʼisha</b>, or <b>Naishan Dene</b>, meaning "Our People."<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-p295_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache#cite_note-p295-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> They also used the term <b>Khat-tleen-deh</b> or <b>γát dìndé</b> meaning "Cedar People" or <b>Bay-ca-yeh</b> meaning "Whetstone People". To their close allies, the much larger <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa">Kiowa</a> tribe, although speaking a completely unrelated language, they were known as <b>Semat</b> meaning "Stealers." At major tribal events, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa_Apache" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa Apache">Kiowa Apache</a> formed part of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa">Kiowa</a> tribal 'hoop' (ring of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tipi">tipis</a>). This may explain why the Kiowa named the Kiowa-Apache <b>Taugui</b> meaning "Sitting Outside."<sup class="Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1em; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from April 2010">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plains_Apache&action=edit&section=2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Government">Government</span></h2>
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Today the tribe is headquartered in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anadarko,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Anadarko, Oklahoma">Anadarko, Oklahoma</a>. Their tribal jurisdictional area covers parts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caddo County, Oklahoma">Caddo</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comanche_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Comanche County, Oklahoma">Comanche</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cotton County, Oklahoma">Cotton</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grady_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Grady County, Oklahoma">Grady</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Jefferson County, Oklahoma">Jefferson</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa County, Oklahoma">Kiowa</a>, and<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephens_County,_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stephens County, Oklahoma">Stephens Counties</a> in Oklahoma. Their current tribal chairperson is Louis Maynahonah.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oia_0-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache#cite_note-oia-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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Tribal members must have a minimum <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_quantum" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Blood quantum">blood quantum</a> of 1/8 Plains Apache descent to enroll in the tribe.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oia_0-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache#cite_note-oia-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">1</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div>
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In the late 18th century, Plains Apache lived near the upper <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a>, their 1780 population was 400.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-p295_1-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache#cite_note-p295-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> The <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa_Apache" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa Apache">Kiowa Apache</a> adopted many traits from the Southern Plains lifestyle of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa">Kiowa</a>, while remaining ethnically distinct. It is recorded that many <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa_Apache" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa Apache">Kiowa Apache</a> did not learn the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiowa_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kiowa language">Kiowa language</a>, preferring to communicate with their allies using the sophisticated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Indian_Sign_Language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Plains Indian Sign Language">Plains Indian Sign Language</a>, at which the Kiowa were past masters (having probably devised much of the system). The Kiowa Apache social organisation was split into numerous extendend families (kustcrae), who camped together (for hunting, gathering) as local groups (gonka). The next level was the division or band, which was a composite of a some gonkas (especially for warfare).</div>
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In pre-reservation times there were at least four local groups or gonkas who frequently joined together for warring neighboring tribes and settlements.</div>
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The Kiowa Apache with their Kiowa allies agreed to settle on a reservation in southwestern Oklahoma. Some bands of Kiowas <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Palo_Duro_Canyon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Battle of Palo Duro Canyon">remained at large until 1875</a>. Some of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipan_Apache_people" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Lipan Apache people">Lipan Apache</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescalero" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mescalero">Mescalero Apache</a> bands with some Comanche in their company held out in northern Mexico until the early 1880s, when Mexican and U.S. Army forces drove them onto reservations or into extinction. By the Treaty of Medicine Lodge in 1867 the Kiowa and Kiowa Apache settled in Western Oklahoma and Kansas. They were forced to move south of the Washita River to the Red River and Western Oklahoma with the Comanche and the Kiowa. The reservation period lasted from 1868 to 1906. The transition from the free life of Plains people to a restricted life of the reservation was more difficult for some families than others.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache#cite_note-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> The 1890 Census showed 1,598 Comanche at the Fort Sill reservation, which they shared with 1,140 Kiowa and 326 Kiowa Apache.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plains_Apache#cite_note-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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</span>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-9619625806344047412012-08-11T01:10:00.003-07:002012-08-12T10:17:28.891-07:00Otherworldly Trees of Oklahoma<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj1fQa21PobfRUUOEpWnctvKQefMhDUKGDLWXZ1tHpQhpBb7TTZixhZ61ygnJxxtsmEFn5rbT08_kd-mwyZdZUnNzNn0e90Hf4xM_bVPJkzUY9I0NJILQvURgGFuI6ZEy2LmB3kz5_lMNz/s1600/Quintus's+River+Birch+72.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj1fQa21PobfRUUOEpWnctvKQefMhDUKGDLWXZ1tHpQhpBb7TTZixhZ61ygnJxxtsmEFn5rbT08_kd-mwyZdZUnNzNn0e90Hf4xM_bVPJkzUY9I0NJILQvURgGFuI6ZEy2LmB3kz5_lMNz/s640/Quintus's+River+Birch+72.jpeg" width="584" /></a></div>
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Quintus's River Birch, 48" x 43 1/4", colored pencil on acrylic ground on panel</div>
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by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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These are some of the trees that will be in the exhibition I am curating at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art which will also include the work of the artists we interviewed for the our documentary " Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma". The documentary will be airing on OETA, Oklahoma PBS September 13, 2012 at 7 pm. Make sure to tune in and tell all your friends. We show you special places you may never have envisioned and individuals who are passionate about the art, and saving the unique ecology and culture in Oklahoma. It is actually one of the more diverse states in terms of various ecosystems. The exhibition at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art will open the following day on September 14 with a reception at 7 pm and continue until October 28th. </div>
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This wonderful river birch pictured above was in the 60 acre preserve of Quintus Herron in Idabel Oklahoma. I was intrigued by the wonderful papery peeling bark. Look closely and you will see the faces of tree sprites hidden in the bark. I got so lost in all the detail I was afraid it would not come together but I was pleased after bringing in the shadows how it all came together.</div>
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Another wonderfully textured tree with amazing bark is the sycamore tree which loves the moisture of creek and river bottoms in Oklahoma.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5bsyaxVSUP3u7LurwZchmCyTq2iLZ_xtAA9llnY4Io3hxaihIhXQlDZKOa4ulpI1OlB1ELpycVfruyHYjp33XapnBcFj7fD_Q1EK9YHWZMEgwBRleV1DxLdR8Suy-k-yCPKa1Ej7FsIH0/s1600/TahlequahSycamore72.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5bsyaxVSUP3u7LurwZchmCyTq2iLZ_xtAA9llnY4Io3hxaihIhXQlDZKOa4ulpI1OlB1ELpycVfruyHYjp33XapnBcFj7fD_Q1EK9YHWZMEgwBRleV1DxLdR8Suy-k-yCPKa1Ej7FsIH0/s640/TahlequahSycamore72.jpeg" width="572" /></a></div>
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Tahlequah Sycamore, 48" x 44", colored pencil over acrylic ground on panel</div>
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by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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Apparently they can tolerate the periodic flooding of these river bottoms and many old trees have survived because they were not optimal for lumber. This piece will become part of the permanent collection of the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art. Tahlequah is near a beautiful stretch of the Illinois River which is endangered by poultry run-off up stream in Arkansas. Kim Baker, conservation photographer is trying to bring increased attention to the need to protect this river through her Illinois Survey which we documented for our program. I knew the river was impacted when I read not to get into the water with open sores, cuts etc. Being an avid swimmer this degradation of our waters is very distressing to me. </div>
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More trees in the next blog post and yes we have begun shooting "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico" with a grant from the New Mexico Arts Council and I will be blogging about our fascinating interviews and the locations we have visited thus far. I am way behind on my blogging as we are overwhelmed with getting ready for the Oklahoma show, close captioning and mastering the documentary for PBS, and beginning on the New Mexico project. Trying to juggle scheduling and getting everything done on time. We will try not to have our projects overlap next time.</div>
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It is all an intense learning process. Bob and I have the combined skills to do all of this but we tend to take on huge commitments.<br />
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Oklahoma PBS <a href="http://www.oeta.tv/">http://www.oeta.tv/</a></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra</a></div>
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<i><b>Betula nigra</b></i> (<b>River Birch</b>; also occasionally called <b>Water Birch</b>) is a species of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Birch">birch</a> native to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Eastern United States">eastern</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United States">United States</a> from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> west to southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, and south to northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a> and west <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a>. It is commonly found in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_plain" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flood plain">flood plains</a> and/or<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swamp" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Swamp">swamps</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fna_0-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-fna-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup> It is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">tree</a> growing to 25 m (80 ft), rarely to 30 m (100 ft), high with a trunk up to 50 cm (2 ft), rarely 150 cm (5 ft), diameter, often with multiple trunks. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bark">bark</a> is variable, usually dark gray-brown to pinkish-brown and scaly, but in some individuals, smooth and creamy pinkish-white, exfoliating in curly papery sheets. The twigs are glabrous or thinly hairy, and odorless when scraped. The<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Leaf">leaves</a> are alternate, ovate, 4–8 cm (1.5–3 in) long and 3–6 cm (1.2–2.4 in) broad, with a serrated margin and five to twelve pairs of veins. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flower">flowers</a> are wind-pollinated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catkin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Catkin">catkins</a> 3–6 cm (1.2–2.4 in) long, the male catkins pendulous, the female catkins erect. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fruit">fruit</a> is unusual among birches in maturing in late spring; it is composed of numerous tiny winged seeds packed between the catkin bracts.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fna_0-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-fna-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-usda_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-usda-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">2</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 19px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> used the boiled <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sap" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sap">sap</a> as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_substitute" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sugar substitute">sweetener</a> similar to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple_syrup" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Maple syrup">maple syrup</a>, and the inner bark as a survival food. It is usually too contorted and knotty to be of value as a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timber" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Timber">timber</a> tree.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-harlow_2-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-harlow-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">3</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></span></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycamore">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycamore</a></div>
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</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><i><b>Platanus occidentalis</b></i>, also known as <b>American Sycamore</b>, <b>American planetree</b>, <b>Occidental plane</b>, and <b>Buttonwood</b>, is one of the species of <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Platanus">Platanus</a></i> native to North America. It is usually called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycamore" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sycamore">Sycamore</a> in North America, a name which can refer to other types of tree in other parts of the world</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; line-height: 19px;">.</span><br />
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An American sycamore tree can often be easily distinguished from other trees by its mottled exfoliating bark, which flakes off in great irregular masses, leaving the surface mottled, and greenish-white, gray and brown. The bark of all trees has to yield to a growing trunk by stretching, splitting, or infilling; the Sycamore shows the process more openly than many other trees. The explanation is found in the rigid texture of the bark tissue, which lacks the elasticity of the bark of some other trees, so it is incapable of stretching to accommodate the growth of the wood underneath and the tree sloughs it off.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Keeler_0-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis#cite_note-Keeler-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup></div>
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A sycamore can grow to massive proportions, typically reaching up to 30 to 40 meters (98 to 130 ft) high and 1.5 to 2 meters (4.9 to 6.6 ft) in diameter when grown in deep soils. The largest of the species have been measured to 51 meters (167 ft), and nearly 4 meters (13 ft) in diameter. Larger specimens were recorded in historical times. In 1770, near the junction of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanawha_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kanawha River">Kanawha</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ohio River">Ohio Rivers</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Washington" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> recorded in his journal a sycamore measuring nearly 45 feet (14 m) in circumference at 3 feet (91 cm) from the ground.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platanus_occidentalis#cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup></div>
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The sycamore tree is often divided near the ground into several secondary trunks, very free from branches. Spreading limbs at the top make an irregular, open head. Roots are fibrous. The trunks of large trees are often hollow.</div>
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Another peculiarity is the way the leaves grow sticky, green buds. In early August, most trees in general will have—nestled in the axils of their leaves—the tiny forming bud which will produce the leaves of the coming year. The sycamore branch apparently has no such buds. Instead there is an enlargement of the petiole which encloses the bud in a tight-fit.</div>
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<a href="http://www.oklacps.com/?page_id=19">http://www.oklacps.com/?page_id=19</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px;">The Illinois River Survey is a collaborative, image-based conservation photography initiative organized by Oklahoma-based nature and conservation photographer Kim Baker. Kim began the project with the mission to create and use compelling photography that has the power to inform and change people’s minds about the need for conservation and preservation of the Illinois River, its tributaries Flint Creek and the Barren Fork River, and its impoundment Tenkiller Ferry Lake.</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.oklacps.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/illlinois-29.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; color: #0066cc; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-546" height="250" src="http://www.oklacps.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/illlinois-29.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-width: initial; display: inline; float: left; height: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 10px; max-width: 100%; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="illlinois-29" width="168" /></a></div>
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<strong style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: transparent; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">May 20 – 22, 2011</strong>, a team of Oklahoma photographers together with scientists, land and river managers, water officials, conservationists, and river advocates explored and documented important components of the Illinois River Watershed in a three-day photographic survey. The Survey focused on the Illinois River’s unique ecological communities, its ecosystems with an emphasis on the natural services the rivers provides and the history and unique cultural heritage of the Illinois River to the region, local river communities, and Tahlequah.</div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><br /></span></div>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-75228341269306403812012-06-21T09:48:00.000-07:002012-06-21T09:48:47.441-07:00Oklahoma, New Mexico....Earth Chronicles Progresses<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpUKG93FOicADH2z4jJKihsxzuYeuIymjwbH5rnLcPN82AYJIC0zVzQ22fIQfksz_6IevtKvUY7UPp46a0fcjgmwrPuTW2tOL5LGgkGEg8QaG1gxgjVIMF4i_JMKVKqEm2BrlBjHfUMNmc/s1600/OK+Cypress+Swamp+72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpUKG93FOicADH2z4jJKihsxzuYeuIymjwbH5rnLcPN82AYJIC0zVzQ22fIQfksz_6IevtKvUY7UPp46a0fcjgmwrPuTW2tOL5LGgkGEg8QaG1gxgjVIMF4i_JMKVKqEm2BrlBjHfUMNmc/s400/OK+Cypress+Swamp+72.jpg" width="327" /></a></div>
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Oklahoma Cypress Swamp, 56" x 46", oil over egg tempera on panel</div>
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by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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We are working hard to get ready for our exhibition that accompanies the documentary at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee, Oklahoma. I have selected the artists's work to be shown in the exhibit and Bob and I have mapped out the space and layout of the show. Now I am furiously trying to finish my paintings of Oklahoma trees that will also be in the show. I just finished the painting of an Oklahoma cypress swamp shown above and am working hard to finish up Quintus's River Birch and then one of my mixed media pieces inspired by the Nature Conservancy's Four Canyon Preserve near Leedey Oklahoma. The exhibit is scheduled for September 14- October 28 but may start a week earlier. Besides my installation on the trees of Oklahoma it will include the work of conservation photographer Kim Baker, synthetic landscapes of Grace Grothaus, the work of Katherine Liontas-Warren and Jack Bryan inspired by the Wichita Mountains, Caddo potter Jeri Redcorn, Choctaw pottery and implements by Choctaw archaeologist Dr. Ian Thompson and Choctaw beadwork and pots by Sue Folsom. All of these artists were interviewed in the documentary and you can find out more about them in previous blogposts. Bob will be beginning on the catalog for the exhibit soon. The documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma" will be airing on OETA, Oklahoma PBS in September. I will post times and dates when they are scheduled.</div>
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In the meantime we are beginning on our New Mexico project. I will blog about that in my next post. We have received an Arts in Social Service grant from the New Mexico Arts Council. We will need to raise matching and additional funds. If you wish to donate all donations are tax deductible through our fiscal sponsor Earthcare New Mexico. You will be able to follow us on our journey through New Mexico shooting "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico" on this blog.<br />
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Here are links to the artist's websites etc to learn more about their work. Also see previous blogposts. You can follow us all across Oklahoma shooting our documentary too in previous posts.<br />
<a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a><br />
Kim Baker <a href="http://www.oklahomaphotography.com/">http://www.oklahomaphotography.com/</a> <a href="http://www.oklacps.com/">http://www.oklacps.com/</a><br />
Grace Grothaus <a href="http://www.gracegrothaus.com/">http://www.gracegrothaus.com/</a><br />
Katherine Liontas-Warren in the Wichita Mountains: <a href="http://www.katherineliontas.com/portfolio/main.php?g2_itemId=339">http://www.katherineliontas.com/portfolio/main.php?g2_itemId=339</a> <a href="http://www.katherineliontas.com/portfolio/main.php?g2_itemId=183">http://www.katherineliontas.com/portfolio/main.php?g2_itemId=183</a><br />
Jack Bryan <a href="http://www.artistjackbryan.com/">http://www.artistjackbryan.com/</a><br />
Jeri Redcorn <a href="http://www.redcornpottery.com/index.html">http://www.redcornpottery.com/index.html</a><br />
Dr. Ian Thompson <a href="http://www.choctawnation.com/">http://www.choctawnation.com/</a><br />
Sue Folsom <a href="http://www.choctawnation.com/">http://www.choctawnation.com/</a><br />
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Nature Conservancy's Four Canyon Preserve <a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/four-canyon-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/four-canyon-preserve.xml</a><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;">The Conservancy's <strong style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-color: initial; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-style: initial; border-top-width: 0px; font-size: 11px; font-weight: bold; font: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Four Canyon Preserve</strong> encompasses 4,000 acres of mixed-grass prairie, rugged canyons, and floodplain along the Canadian River in southern Ellis County. Scenic prairie ridges traverse the landscape, dissected by deep chinquapin oak-lined canyons draining to the river. These prairies provide habitat for a number of rare grassland birds, such as Cassin's sparrow and Swainson's hawk, and additional species of concern including reptiles like the Texas horned lizard, as well as numerous state-rare plants. The cool, wooded canyons stand in contrast to the surrounding prairies, and provide habitat for birds like red-bellied woodpecker and painted bunting. The Canadian River on the preserve provides habitat for the federally endangered least tern, the threatened Arkansas River shiner, as well as stopover habitat for migratory shorebirds including the sandhill crane.</span><br />
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; line-height: 16px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum</a></span><br />
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;"><i><b>Taxodium distichum</b></i> (<b>Bald-cypress</b>, <b>Baldcypress</b>, <b>Bald Cypress</b>, <b>Cypress</b>,<b>Southern-cypress</b>,<b>White-cypress</b>, <b>Tidewater Red-Cypress</b>, <b>Gulf-Cypress</b>, <b>Red-Cypress</b>, or <b>Swamp Cypress</b>) is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinophyta" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pinophyta">conifer</a> that grows on saturated and seasonally inundated soils of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeastern_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Southeastern United States">Southeastern</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_coastal_plain" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gulf coastal plain">Gulf Coastal Plains</a> of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_states" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United states">United states</a>.</span><br />
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Range">Range</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Baldcypress_range.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="289" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Baldcypress_range.jpg/220px-Baldcypress_range.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; padding-bottom: 3px !important; padding-left: 3px !important; padding-right: 3px !important; padding-top: 3px !important; text-align: left;">
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<a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Baldcypress_range.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0645ad; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf4/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Bald-cypress range</div>
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<a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Caddo_Lake-_Cypress.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Caddo_Lake-_Cypress.jpg/220px-Caddo_Lake-_Cypress.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.4em; padding-bottom: 3px !important; padding-left: 3px !important; padding-right: 3px !important; padding-top: 3px !important; text-align: left;">
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<a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Caddo_Lake-_Cypress.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0645ad; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/static-1.20wmf4/skins/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Bald-cypress on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a> side of<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo_Lake" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caddo Lake">Caddo Lake</a></div>
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The native range extends from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaware_Bay" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Delaware Bay">Delaware Bay</a> south to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a> and west to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="East Texas">Texas</a> and southeastern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>-(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Dixie_(Oklahoma)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Little Dixie (Oklahoma)">Little Dixie</a> region, Oklahoma), and also inland up the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a>and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ohio River">Ohio Rivers</a> north to southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>. Large planted specimens are seen as far north as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum#cite_note-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup>. Ancient Bald-cypress <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Forest">forests</a>, with some trees more than 1,700 years old, once dominated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swamp" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Swamp">swamps</a> in the southeast US. The largest remaining old-growth stands of Bald-cypress are at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corkscrew_Swamp_Sanctuary" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary">Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary</a>, near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naples,_Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Naples, Florida">Naples</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a>.</div>
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<br /></div>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-36711221684365496942012-06-16T00:13:00.000-07:002012-06-16T00:13:52.550-07:00Beautiful new ecological publication features my work<div style="text-align: center;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieL-KRFvYAztLOX4Q2ARm6QZemKfj4Bv-Mnznv7EcLvLheDN5Zfp-F6rbgOIweBBL55KvKWYQjAwP3NaOCldNGDtjQ8PfnW05_PannKjSVQlrLNCscEFc9jS4UIgsvfSgy5e03h6qvKgPB/s1600/EcoSource_FrontCover_FranHardy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieL-KRFvYAztLOX4Q2ARm6QZemKfj4Bv-Mnznv7EcLvLheDN5Zfp-F6rbgOIweBBL55KvKWYQjAwP3NaOCldNGDtjQ8PfnW05_PannKjSVQlrLNCscEFc9jS4UIgsvfSgy5e03h6qvKgPB/s400/EcoSource_FrontCover_FranHardy.jpg" width="375" /></a></div>
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My work is featured on the cover and throughout the premiere of a new publication on going green and sustainability in northern new Mexico by the publishers of Trend magazine called EcoTrend Source. </div>
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If you are in Santa Fe some of the places it can be found are at the Farmer's Market, La Mesa 225 Canyon, Moss Outdoor, Victoria Price Art and Design, Pacheco Park, Form Plus Function, Santa Fe By Design, Capital Ford, in Eldorado at La Tienda: Zia Financial, Santa Fe Brewery and Go Solar.</div>
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For those of you would like to see the magazine and articles online <a href="http://www.ecotrendsource.com/">http://www.ecotrendsource.com</a> </div>
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I love the way the art director Janine Lehmann not only featured some of my paintings in the magazine but all of the borders on various pages are segments of my paintings used as design elements. This issue talks about gardens, solar, zero energy-no utilities homes. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi528mzCeL5wRMJt80o4FFNjJOD1aiWnGN34Lj6d1OHNeNKUGnN9-7-bcvx7dDOfStnEqF8QtyuNRF6pWkEXeiRXmLZTM1AdBn7ikCLOLtMwkvuboGhzfFhKUbm_fwc-881Ta56V0z_aEM7/s1600/EcoSource_Page13_FranHardy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi528mzCeL5wRMJt80o4FFNjJOD1aiWnGN34Lj6d1OHNeNKUGnN9-7-bcvx7dDOfStnEqF8QtyuNRF6pWkEXeiRXmLZTM1AdBn7ikCLOLtMwkvuboGhzfFhKUbm_fwc-881Ta56V0z_aEM7/s400/EcoSource_Page13_FranHardy.jpg" width="393" /></a></div>
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Coming up in my next post, lots of news about our Earth Chronicles Project and you can start to follow us on our journey shooting our documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: New Mexico" all across the state of New Mexico. </div>
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainability</div>
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<b>Sustainability</b> is the capacity to endure. For humans, sustainability is the long-term maintenance of responsibility, which has environmental, economic, and social dimensions, and encompasses the concept of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewardship" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stewardship">stewardship</a>, the responsible management of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resources" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Resources">resource use</a>. In <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecology">ecology</a>, sustainability describes how biological systems remain <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Biodiversity">diverse</a> and productive over time, a necessary precondition for the well-being of humans and other<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisms" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Organisms">organisms</a>. Long-lived and healthy <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetlands" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wetlands">wetlands</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forests" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Forests">forests</a> are examples of sustainable biological systems.</div>
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Healthy <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystems" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecosystems">ecosystems</a> and environments provide vital resources and processes (known as "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem_services" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecosystem services">ecosystem services</a>"). There are two major ways of managing human impact on ecosystem services. One approach is <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_management" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Environmental management">environmental management</a>; this approach is based largely on information gained from educated professionals in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_science" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Earth science">earth science</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_science" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Environmental science">environmental science</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_biology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Conservation biology">conservation biology</a>. Another approach is management of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumption_(economics)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Consumption (economics)">consumption</a> of resources, which is based largely on information gained from educated professionals in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Economics">economics</a>.</div>
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Human sustainability interfaces with economics through the voluntary trade consequences of economic activity. Moving towards sustainability is also a social challenge that entails, among other factors, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_law" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="International law">international</a> and national <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Law">law</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_planning" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a> and<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Transport">transport</a>, local and individual <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifestyle_(sociology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Lifestyle (sociology)">lifestyles</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethical_consumerism" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ethical consumerism">ethical consumerism</a>. Ways of living more sustainably can take many forms from controlling living conditions (e.g., <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecovillages" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecovillages">ecovillages</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eco-municipalities" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Eco-municipalities">eco-municipalities</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_cities" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sustainable cities">sustainable cities</a>), to reappraising work practices (e.g., using<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permaculture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Permaculture">permaculture</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_building" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Green building">green building</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_agriculture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sustainable agriculture">sustainable agriculture</a>), or developing new <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_technology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Environmental technology">technologies</a> that reduce the consumption of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resources" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Resources">resources</a>.</div>
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<br /></div>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-50886287279061073742012-05-24T16:12:00.000-07:002012-05-24T17:18:21.164-07:00In the Time of Yucca<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoOKRHi3zmVfxkQGTND_UoKrwA21Rogan3K-A1i_rhfs3La-dzDbzXS9R_x9hO3qBvDUiSDrLI3zK9k90j2C9OMhaAZZnScgujd0a7C1YqdTi2bcOOZ5jrAf-YThpKlqI2bG0dQRIoze8M/s1600/Yucca-drawing+cmyk+72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoOKRHi3zmVfxkQGTND_UoKrwA21Rogan3K-A1i_rhfs3La-dzDbzXS9R_x9hO3qBvDUiSDrLI3zK9k90j2C9OMhaAZZnScgujd0a7C1YqdTi2bcOOZ5jrAf-YThpKlqI2bG0dQRIoze8M/s640/Yucca-drawing+cmyk+72.jpg" width="444" /></a></div>
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Yucca, graphite on paper by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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32 3/4" x 31"</div>
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I just came back from New Jersey on a business trip. I must admit that I loved the lush greenness and the ancient trees of all kinds, especially at night after a rain dripping with water and mist. But when I got back to New Mexico the yuccas were in spectacular bloom everywhere. I couldn't believe how blinding the sunlight felt to me compared to sunny days on the east coast, but I quickly adjusted to the wonderfully intense vibration of light in the high desert. And I am delighting in all the various types of yucca in bloom around Santa Fe. Above is the beginning of my yucca series focusing on the fabulous blooms. That led me to the two more abstracted pieces below.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi24CW89SwabQUXdP_4mCoTsn_4ApltzEYPm9TrwZK0yRPvrO0MVZbC554Pv61XdcBpuks_TlmY7nU3qlFjZaB_CMYRZkOvqBEq199uZHu5cL6yMqM1tIJm7Xi1jyKKKM3cj5LixOXKuuvN/s1600/Dusk300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="490" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi24CW89SwabQUXdP_4mCoTsn_4ApltzEYPm9TrwZK0yRPvrO0MVZbC554Pv61XdcBpuks_TlmY7nU3qlFjZaB_CMYRZkOvqBEq199uZHu5cL6yMqM1tIJm7Xi1jyKKKM3cj5LixOXKuuvN/s640/Dusk300.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Dusk, mixed media on panel with sgraffito, 36" x 46" by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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This piece was in a traveling museum show of my work entitled "Pentimento" as I scratched through the various layers to bring forth the yucca flowers and the yellow orbs. It makes me think of fireflies flickering at night.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi99oHmszcePVPvDx1nhYAORO3vsChyfvJ73T5pho9r9YKJ8B5A0K24Wb_VCRffVJCSpPEq_x1zBZ2m2VE2M6TjqrR12WyAsxDBIUPAATJBiFXlPjFat4QB8KPuE_-FUGWpmHbYU0k1Zsn5/s1600/Annunciation+300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="498" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi99oHmszcePVPvDx1nhYAORO3vsChyfvJ73T5pho9r9YKJ8B5A0K24Wb_VCRffVJCSpPEq_x1zBZ2m2VE2M6TjqrR12WyAsxDBIUPAATJBiFXlPjFat4QB8KPuE_-FUGWpmHbYU0k1Zsn5/s640/Annunciation+300.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Annunciation, colored pencil and china marker on acrylic on panel, 36" x 46" by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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fixed and varnished</div>
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The background of this piece is based on navajo rug patterns and because of the cross symbolism and the angelic nature of the white yucca flowers I titled it 'Annunciation'. I am spiritually but not religiously oriented but I love the concept and symbolism of the annunciation and the early renaissance paintings of the angel coming to Mary. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlGv1p21NOkfXLEVbACyPrAlBclpSTh_gzU0F4vmG0rvqrIf9UNFqzBj1hprmfLv9_1PxpQvz6tyPTTOcLKcmzw-RMUR736QduMbyTWEWhrHnSkRZTco9CwL9b22DP4zryyqTSF8WXtDMx/s1600/YuccaPainting+300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlGv1p21NOkfXLEVbACyPrAlBclpSTh_gzU0F4vmG0rvqrIf9UNFqzBj1hprmfLv9_1PxpQvz6tyPTTOcLKcmzw-RMUR736QduMbyTWEWhrHnSkRZTco9CwL9b22DP4zryyqTSF8WXtDMx/s640/YuccaPainting+300.jpg" width="292" /></a></div>
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Yucca Tree, acrylic on panel, 52" x 36" by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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This piece is hard to appreciate on this small scale. I saw this incredible type of large yucca in front of a gas station on St. Michael's Drive right in the middle of Santa Fe and hopped out immediately to take reference pictures. Beauty can be found in the most unexpected places.</div>
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<b>And now last but not least............</b></div>
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Here are three pieces that I found inspiration for in an incredible, primordial joshua tree forest in north western Arizona when they were in bloom. The blooms are succulent and luscious and smell like hot wax. They are pollinated by a single species of tiny moth called appropriately the yucca moth. They only bloom when the rains come at the right time. </div>
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The first two of these, "Joshua Tree from Above" and "Joshua Tree Blooms" will be in a show entitled "Art Inspired by the Natural World" at Calabi Gallery in Petaluma, CA. Dennis is one of those rare art dealers who is all about the art and treating the artist with great respect. Dealers like him in the increasingly commercial fast sell orientation of today's art world are becoming increasingly hard to find.</div>
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The show opens June 21 with a reception from 5-8pm.</div>
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<a href="http://www.calabigallery.com/">www.calabigallery.com</a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdFVxh6131gbUSY0SbQBCrHe31AMqP7VY9UHWGRHjWwSKX6L4XAEBgpqR5KtqstDGR0hLurS3CF7zI7TbnNwrSLxIudypdnTgnPaSrmtPFCn03kbT5-mlKRaZ0Hxhy5SUxi9O3SxX22m9/s1600/Joshua+Tree+Blooms72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimdFVxh6131gbUSY0SbQBCrHe31AMqP7VY9UHWGRHjWwSKX6L4XAEBgpqR5KtqstDGR0hLurS3CF7zI7TbnNwrSLxIudypdnTgnPaSrmtPFCn03kbT5-mlKRaZ0Hxhy5SUxi9O3SxX22m9/s640/Joshua+Tree+Blooms72.jpg" width="528" /></a></div>
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Joshua Tree Blooms, watercolor and graphite on panel, 36" x 30", fixed and varnished by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRSRK6mrfJ04XrsbT9TnV1dP6iXeCSDmjhGzRWmypWs1NY6F_a0tD60zP8eN53jcmE8wJh76ev0dWDUfVdp-c7qQsKrhrwqRF-KEhHLjN5QRFcK6XlaPj4w37P1CmXwexpMUorxpdM8lDo/s1600/joshua+tree+from+above+72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="584" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRSRK6mrfJ04XrsbT9TnV1dP6iXeCSDmjhGzRWmypWs1NY6F_a0tD60zP8eN53jcmE8wJh76ev0dWDUfVdp-c7qQsKrhrwqRF-KEhHLjN5QRFcK6XlaPj4w37P1CmXwexpMUorxpdM8lDo/s640/joshua+tree+from+above+72.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Joshua Tree from Above, colored pencil on acrylic ground on panel, 43 1/2" x 48" by Fran Hardy copyright, fixed and varnished</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXZR_mWBrRKeznnOdJBpBTHsoGFI-QPLtX1E9m-1vHuRgDyLfvnJGxRaZGcShyphenhyphenSBIYfGCQZ3_zMp-42S-P2-u1rk9Z9mC4MrGa6qyoDmAS4lzX4i4O9XLUSXAFJc1m3pI3KrgkE4xD3DZq/s1600/Joshua+tree+in+bloom+72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXZR_mWBrRKeznnOdJBpBTHsoGFI-QPLtX1E9m-1vHuRgDyLfvnJGxRaZGcShyphenhyphenSBIYfGCQZ3_zMp-42S-P2-u1rk9Z9mC4MrGa6qyoDmAS4lzX4i4O9XLUSXAFJc1m3pI3KrgkE4xD3DZq/s640/Joshua+tree+in+bloom+72.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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Joshua Trees in Bloom, 32" x 50", watercolor and graphite on panel, fixed and varnished</div>
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by Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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So now you get a glimpse of my obsession with the gnarly radiant beauty of the yucca family. And seeing all the others in bloom here inspires me to do more with our smaller yucca plants that are carpeting our high desert environment. </div>
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For more of my trees go to my website: <a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a></div>
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To hear more about our documentary projects on the intersection of art, ecological sustainability and cultural preservation go to our website. New Mexico is our next project and we will be receiving funding from the New Mexico Arts Council. We will also be doing further fundraising as they require matching funds. Earthcare New Mexico is our non-profit 501c3 fiscal sponsor so if you want to donate you will receive a tax deduction. <a href="http://www.earthcarenm.org/tag/santa-fe/">http://www.earthcarenm.org/tag/santa-fe/</a> </div>
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I am busy getting ready for the show I am curating at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in conjunction with our Oklahoma documentary which premiered there and will be aired on OETA, Oklahoma PBS. </div>
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<a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com</a> You can see clips of our shows on the site also.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><i><b>Yucca</b></i> is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perennial_plant" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Perennial plant">perennial</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrub" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Shrub">shrubs</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">trees</a> in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Family (biology)">family</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagaceae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Asparagaceae">Asparagaceae</a>, subfamily <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agavoideae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Agavoideae">Agavoideae</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca#cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup> Its 40-50 species are notable for their <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosette_(botany)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Rosette (botany)">rosettes</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evergreen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Evergreen">evergreen</a>, tough, sword-shaped <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Leaf">leaves</a> and large terminal <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panicle" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Panicle">panicles</a> of white or whitish <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flower">flowers</a>. They are native to the hot and dry (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arid">arid</a>) parts of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a>,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Central America">Central America</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="South America">South America</a>, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbean" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>. Early reports of the species were confused with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassava" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cassava">cassava</a> (<i>Manihot esculenta</i>).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a></sup> Consequently,<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a> mistakenly derived the generic name from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carib_language" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Carib language">Carib</a> word for the latter, <i>yuca</i> (spelt with a single "c").<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca#cite_note-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[4]</a></sup></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"> It is also colloquially known in the midwest United States as "Ghosts in the graveyard", as it is commonly found growing in rural graveyards and when in bloom the flowers appear as an apparition floating.</span></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Distribution">Distribution</span></span></span></h2>
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<a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yucca_distribution_capsular_fruited_species_I_southwest,midwest_USA,_Mexico_Baja_California,_Canada_overview_I_B.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="110" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Yucca_distribution_capsular_fruited_species_I_southwest%2Cmidwest_USA%2C_Mexico_Baja_California%2C_Canada_overview_I_B.jpg/170px-Yucca_distribution_capsular_fruited_species_I_southwest%2Cmidwest_USA%2C_Mexico_Baja_California%2C_Canada_overview_I_B.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="170" /></a></div>
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</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;">Ecology</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><div class="thumb tright" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1.3em; margin-left: 1.4em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.5em; width: auto;">
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<i>Distribution of the capsular fruited species in southwest, midwest USA, Mexico's Baja California and Canada. Overview</i></div>
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</span> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">
The natural distribution range of the genus <i>Yucca</i> (49 species and 24 subspecies) covers a vast area of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Central America">Central America</a>. From <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baja_California" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Baja California">Baja California</a> in the west, northwards into the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwestern_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Southwestern United States">southwestern United States</a>, through the drier central states as far north as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Canada">Canada</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_glauca" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Yucca glauca"><i>Yucca glauca</i> ssp. <i>albertana</i></a>), and moving east along the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>, and then north again, through the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a> coastal and inland neighbouring states. To the south, the genus is represented throughout <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> and extends into <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemala" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> (<i><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_guatemalensis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Yucca guatemalensis">Yucca guatemalensis</a></i>). Yuccas have adapted to an equally vast range of climatic and ecological conditions. They are to be found in rocky <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Desert">deserts</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badlands" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Badlands">badlands</a>, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Prairie">prairies</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grassland" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Grassland">grassland</a>, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mountain">mountainous</a> regions, in light woodland, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coast" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Coast">coastal</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sand">sands</a> (<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_filamentosa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Yucca filamentosa">Yucca filamentosa</a></i>), and even in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropics" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Subtropics">subtropical</a> and semi-<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Temperate">temperate</a> zones, although these are generally arid to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid</a>.</div>
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Yuccas have a very specialized, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutualism_(biology)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mutualism (biology)">mutualistic</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollination" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pollination">pollination</a> system, being pollinated by yucca moths (family <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prodoxidae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Prodoxidae">Prodoxidae</a>); the insect purposefully transfers the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pollen">pollen</a> from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stamen">stamens</a> of one plant to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stigma_(botany)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Stigma (botany)">stigma</a> of another, and at the same time lays an egg in the flower; the moth larva then feeds on some of the developing seeds, always leaving enough seed to perpetuate the species. Yucca species are the host plants for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caterpillar" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caterpillar">caterpillars</a> of the Yucca Giant-Skipper (<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megathymus_yuccae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Megathymus yuccae">Megathymus yuccae</a></i>),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca#cite_note-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[5]</a></sup> Ursine Giant-Skipper (<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megathymus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Megathymus">Megathymus</a> <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megathymus_ursus&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #ba0000; text-decoration: none;" title="Megathymus ursus (page does not exist)">ursus</a></i>),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca#cite_note-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[6]</a></sup> and Strecker's Giant-Skipper (<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megathymus_streckeri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Megathymus streckeri">Megathymus streckeri</a></i>).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca#cite_note-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">7</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div>
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Info on Joshua Trees:</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia</a></div>
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To go to Joshua Tree National Park in CA. here is more information on the park.</div>
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<a href="http://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm">http://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm</a></div>
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<i><b>Yucca brevifolia</b></i> is a plant species belonging to the genus <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Yucca">Yucca</a></i>. It is tree-like in habit, which is reflected in its common names: <b>Joshua tree</b>, <b>yucca palm</b>,<b>tree yucca</b>, and <b>palm tree yucca</b>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Gucker_2006_0-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-Gucker_2006-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocotyledon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Monocotyledon">monocotyledonous</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">tree</a> is native to southwestern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a> in the states of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="California">California</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizona" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Utah">Utah</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevada" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Nevada">Nevada</a>, where it is confined mostly to the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mojave_Desert" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mojave Desert">Mojave Desert</a> between 400 and 1,800 meters (1,300 and 5,900 ft) elevation. It thrives in the open grasslands of Queen Valley and Lost Horse Valley in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua_Tree_National_Park" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Joshua Tree National Park">Joshua Tree National Park</a>. A dense Joshua tree forest also exists in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mojave_National_Preserve" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mojave National Preserve">Mojave National Preserve</a>, in the area of Cima Dome.</div>
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Two subspecies have been described:<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[4]</a></sup> <b><i>Yucca brevifolia</i> ssp. <i>jaegeriana</i></b> (the <b>Jaeger Joshua tree</b> or <b>Jaeger's Joshua tree</b> or <b>pygmae yucca</b>) and <b><i>Yucca brevifolia</i> ssp. <i>herbertii</i></b> (<b>Webber's yucca</b> or <b>Herbert Joshua tree</b>), though both are sometimes treated as varieties<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[5]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Grandtner2005_5-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-Grandtner2005-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[6]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[7]</a></sup> or forms.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Ed2001_7-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-Ed2001-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">8</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div>
</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: black; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Etymology">Etymology</span></h2>
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The name Joshua tree was given by a group of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mormon">Mormon</a> settlers who crossed the Mojave Desert in the mid-19th century. The tree's unique shape reminded them of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bible">Biblical</a> story in which <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joshua" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Joshua">Joshua</a> reaches his hands up to the sky in prayer. Ranchers and miners who were contemporary with the Mormon immigrants also took advantage of the Joshua tree, using the trunks and branches as fencing and for fuel for ore-processing steam engines. It is also called <i>izote de desierto</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucca_brevifolia#cite_note-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[9]</a></sup> It was first formally described in the botanical literature as <i>Yucca brevifolia</i> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Engelmann" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="George Engelmann">George Engelmann</a> in 1871 as part of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_Exploration_of_the_Fortieth_Parallel" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel">Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel</a></div>
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<br /></div>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-88549610687169253162012-05-06T09:13:00.000-07:002012-05-06T09:13:36.322-07:00An inside look: The Artist's Process<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJIJSntvh5JktA9nEDkQLAGK5myc7IUtv0akTEZkISPXVo6W99ymrXYlkGo4IOyAq8D8Fn23ZOJCwcD3KxcVVhEzTcYJx5kInUFqBMoww77bQq3U3qwBIiK4OKorA_LxQ_s6FOUs3v4D1o/s1600/cypress+dt2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJIJSntvh5JktA9nEDkQLAGK5myc7IUtv0akTEZkISPXVo6W99ymrXYlkGo4IOyAq8D8Fn23ZOJCwcD3KxcVVhEzTcYJx5kInUFqBMoww77bQq3U3qwBIiK4OKorA_LxQ_s6FOUs3v4D1o/s640/cypress+dt2.jpg" width="468" /></a></div>
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On the easel in process a Cypress Swamp from Oklahoma in oil over egg tempera with many more layers of glaze and detail to go</div>
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Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0jdqgXt5a_M3v_dipaJ4OsnjjMSVEx41erCFxWxeRwAYy5Ox_NPhBNrrlJnqrzOnxGL5GRy3IhXYqmlfD9eohj01FUGq94wcwl5I0yyoW7TUE_K-hFp08Jl6CyEftYfJJA6_v6xp1k3aa/s1600/river+birch+dt4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0jdqgXt5a_M3v_dipaJ4OsnjjMSVEx41erCFxWxeRwAYy5Ox_NPhBNrrlJnqrzOnxGL5GRy3IhXYqmlfD9eohj01FUGq94wcwl5I0yyoW7TUE_K-hFp08Jl6CyEftYfJJA6_v6xp1k3aa/s640/river+birch+dt4.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQRvnjy1UAYPmegRGnl4iido6IF9utYv0XE-BfqM5s5JZDCd73TGxbjWGYX_b6hpX-w0aYTzRBc3g_s16HC1F2Ivi9IoQlGn0kZGkvL1xz5PsffAw-YGTUDL65NMNJouLCedH45Sazgzia/s1600/cypress+dt1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQRvnjy1UAYPmegRGnl4iido6IF9utYv0XE-BfqM5s5JZDCd73TGxbjWGYX_b6hpX-w0aYTzRBc3g_s16HC1F2Ivi9IoQlGn0kZGkvL1xz5PsffAw-YGTUDL65NMNJouLCedH45Sazgzia/s640/cypress+dt1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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I'll keep you posted as this piece evolves as there will be many more layers of glazing and lots more detail work. Oil over egg tempera is an early renaissance technique developed by Van Eyck and it is unparalleled for luminosity. I first saw it used in St. Francis in the Desert by Giovanni Bellini and was transfixed. I am curating an exhibit at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art September 15- October 28, 2012 which will include the work of the artists we interviewed for our documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process:Oklahoma" as well as my installation on the trees of Oklahoma. And yes there are cypress swamps in Oklahoma. It is a far more diverse state than most people realize. The documentary will air on OETA, Oklahoma PBS in September also.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivK1QlfkFZvHJN0CF571REJw6fmHwEa7KIPeGP8RKGFFkDSH3cMs2BTEdJI5aY_le7A7aqh9qyRb5sQw2eVPKCdPlT45RCeVBthWYq0crEqPXaNWsSF1Uq2bS4LTq8kYllhE3rjFlYeDy5/s1600/river+birch+dt3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivK1QlfkFZvHJN0CF571REJw6fmHwEa7KIPeGP8RKGFFkDSH3cMs2BTEdJI5aY_le7A7aqh9qyRb5sQw2eVPKCdPlT45RCeVBthWYq0crEqPXaNWsSF1Uq2bS4LTq8kYllhE3rjFlYeDy5/s640/river+birch+dt3.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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In the meantime I am also working on "Quintus's River Birch" for the show in colored pencil on acrylic ground. Once more I am lost in obsessive detail. I seem unable to get away from it. My husband says my trees make people look close at things they may just walk by. Well I certainly am getting up close and I hope that my trees will help to raise awareness of how important they are in our world and to our environment. Everyone sees different faces, creatures and spirits in my trees so I decided to add a few more blatant ones in this piece. I just love this curling bark, constantly regenerating and changing. I saw this tree on Quintus Herron's preserve in Idabel, OK. He also has a beautiful cypress swamp. Idabel is in the gulf coastal region in southeastern Oklahoma so there are many plants and trees you might not associate with Oklahoma. </div>
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Fran Hardy copyright</div>
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Detail</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx2QdZntj4hIIfA8G7BqXyKJqdVeeBLufF4xE5-_3swUv6bjuwWTrU9m5m4erPijkHL-OnN80PZRqjzB6CbQpfZiWDvlctRaSlLU0ZOQuWS21sRprIcbsoEpUf-tqfYLIuwHSdb5WsgYai/s1600/river+birch+dt2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgx2QdZntj4hIIfA8G7BqXyKJqdVeeBLufF4xE5-_3swUv6bjuwWTrU9m5m4erPijkHL-OnN80PZRqjzB6CbQpfZiWDvlctRaSlLU0ZOQuWS21sRprIcbsoEpUf-tqfYLIuwHSdb5WsgYai/s640/river+birch+dt2.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
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I'll make this a bit more subtle as I continue on this piece.</div>
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<a href="http://www.mgmoa.org/">http://www.mgmoa.org</a></div>
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Where the show will be September 15- October 28, 2012</div>
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They also premiered our documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma" to a crowd from all over Oklahoma and even surrounding states.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra</a></div>
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<i><b>Betula nigra</b></i> (<b>River Birch</b>; also occasionally called <b>Water Birch</b>) is a species of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Birch">birch</a> native to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Eastern United States">eastern</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United States">United States</a> from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> west to southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, and south to northern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a> and west <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a>. It is commonly found in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_plain" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flood plain">flood plains</a> and/or <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swamp" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Swamp">swamps</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fna_0-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-fna-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deciduous" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Deciduous">deciduous</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tree">tree</a> growing to 25 m (80 ft), rarely to 30 m (100 ft), high with a trunk up to 50 cm (2 ft), rarely 150 cm (5 ft), diameter, often with multiple trunks. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bark">bark</a> is variable, usually dark gray-brown to pinkish-brown and scaly, but in some individuals, smooth and creamy pinkish-white, exfoliating in curly papery sheets. The twigs are glabrous or thinly hairy, and odorless when scraped. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Leaf">leaves</a> are alternate, ovate, 4–8 cm (1.5–3 in) long and 3–6 cm (1.2-2.4 in) broad, with a serrated margin and five to twelve pairs of veins. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Flower">flowers</a> are wind-pollinated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catkin" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Catkin">catkins</a> 3–6 cm (1.2-2.4 in) long, the male catkins pendulous, the female catkins erect. The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fruit">fruit</a> is unusual among birches in maturing in late spring; it is composed of numerous tiny winged seeds packed between the catkin bracts.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-fna_0-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-fna-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-usda_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-usda-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; color: black; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em; width: auto;">
<span class="editsection" style="-webkit-user-select: none; float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Betula_nigra&action=edit&section=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Edit section: Cultivation and uses">edit</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Cultivation_and_uses">Cultivation and uses</span></h2>
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While its native habitat is wet ground, it will grow on higher land, and its <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bark" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bark">bark</a> is quite distinctive, making it a favored ornamental tree for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_architecture" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Landscape architecture">landscape use</a>. A number of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultivar" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cultivar">cultivars</a> with much whiter bark than the normal wild type have been selected for garden planting, including 'Heritage' and 'Dura Heat'; these are notable as the only white-barked birches resistant to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronze_birch_borer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bronze birch borer">bronze birch borer</a> <i>Agrilus anxius</i> in warm areas of the southeastern United States of America.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-harlow_2-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-harlow-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native Americans</a> used the boiled <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sap" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sap">sap</a> as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugar_substitute" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sugar substitute">sweetener</a> similar to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple_syrup" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Maple syrup">maple syrup</a>, and the inner bark as a survival food. It is usually too contorted and knotty to be of value as a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timber" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Timber">timber</a> tree.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-harlow_2-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betula_nigra#cite_note-harlow-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">3</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum</a></div>
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; line-height: 19px;"><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">
<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-small;">The tallest known individual specimen, near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Williamsburg, Virginia">Williamsburg, Virginia</a>, is 44.11 m tall, and the stoutest known, in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_Island_National_Wildlife_Refuge" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Cat Island National Wildlife Refuge">Cat Island National Wildlife Refuge</a> near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baton_Rouge,_Louisiana" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Baton Rouge, Louisiana">Baton Rouge, Louisiana</a>, has a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diameter_at_breast_height" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Diameter at breast height">diameter</a> of 521 cm.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gd_3-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum#cite_note-gd-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> The oldest known specimen, located in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bladen_County,_North_Carolina" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Bladen County, North Carolina">Bladen County, North Carolina</a>, is over 1,620 years old making this one of the oldest living plants in Eastern North America .</span></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Range">Range</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Baldcypress_range.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="289" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Baldcypress_range.jpg/220px-Baldcypress_range.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.4em; padding-bottom: 3px !important; padding-left: 3px !important; padding-right: 3px !important; padding-top: 3px !important; text-align: left;">
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<a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Baldcypress_range.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0645ad; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.20wmf1/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Bald-cypress range</div>
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Bald-cypress on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Texas">Texas</a> side of<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caddo_Lake" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Caddo Lake">Caddo Lake</a></div>
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The native range extends from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delaware_Bay" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Delaware Bay">Delaware Bay</a> south to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a> and west to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Texas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="East Texas">Texas</a> and southeastern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>-(<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Dixie_(Oklahoma)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Little Dixie (Oklahoma)">Little Dixie</a> region, Oklahoma), and also inland up the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_River" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ohio River">Ohio Rivers</a> north to southern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiana" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>. Large planted specimens are seen as far north as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum#cite_note-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup>. Ancient Bald-cypress <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Forest">forests</a>, with some trees more than 1,700 years old, once dominated <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swamp" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Swamp">swamps</a> in the southeast US. The largest remaining old-growth stands of Bald-cypress are at<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corkscrew_Swamp_Sanctuary" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary">Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary</a>, near <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naples,_Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Naples, Florida">Naples</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Florida">Florida</a>.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="line-height: 1em; white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from September 2007">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and in the Three Sisters tract along eastern North Carolina's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_River_(North_Carolina)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Black River (North Carolina)">Black River</a>. The Corkscrew trees are around 500 years of age and some exceed 40 m in height. The Black River trees were cored in 1986 by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="University of Arkansas">University of Arkansas</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrologist" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Dendrologist">dendrologists</a> with dates ranging back to 364 AD.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxodium_distichum#cite_note-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup>In the northern and more inland part of its range from Delaware and Maryland to Williamsburg, Virginia, it is found in groups growing in swamps and is accompanied by other hardwoods. In the southern parts of its range from extreme southeastern Virginia, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia_Beach" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Virginia Beach">Virginia Beach</a> south to Florida and west to Texas, bald cypress can be found growing with <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loblolly_pine" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Loblolly pine">loblolly pine</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Live_oak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Live oak">live oak</a> and it may be heavily covered in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_moss" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Spanish moss">spanish moss</a>. A place to observe this in the far northern part of its range is at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Landing_State_Park" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="First Landing State Park">First Landing State Park</a>, Virginia Beach, Virginia where you will see bald cypress growing with live oak, loblolly pine, spanish moss and other trees at their farthest north and farthest south ranges. From <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_North_Carolina" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Eastern North Carolina">eastern North Carolina</a> down throughout Florida, bald cypress may be accompanied in forests by <a class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sabal_minor_(dwarf_palmetto)&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #ba0000; text-decoration: none;" title="Sabal minor (dwarf palmetto) (page does not exist)">sabal minor (dwarf palmetto)</a>.</div>
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<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempera">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempera</a></div>
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<span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"><b>Tempera</b>, also known as <b>egg tempera</b>, is a permanent fast-drying painting medium consisting of colored <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigment" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Pigment">pigment</a> mixed with a water-soluble <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binder_(material)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Binder (material)">binder</a> medium (usually a glutinous material such as egg yolk or some other <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sizing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sizing">size</a>). Tempera also refers to the paintings done in this medium. Tempera paintings are very long lasting, and examples from the 1st centuries AD still exist. Egg tempera was a primary method of painting until after 1500 when it was superseded by the invention of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_painting" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oil painting">oil painting</a>. A paint which is commonly called tempera (although it is not) consisting of pigment and glue <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sizing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Sizing">size</a> is commonly used and referred to by some manufacturers in America as<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poster_paint" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Poster paint">poster paint</a>.</span></div>
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<br />Egg tempera was the paint used by virtually all artists during the Middle Ages. In fact, the use of tempera paint can be traced back to ancient Egypt. In the early Renaissance, artists used egg yolk as a binding agent, mixing in colored pigments to create egg tempera paint. Egg tempera had its limitations. It could not be stored, so each color was mixed when it was needed. Mixing too little paint was a disaster because mixing additional paint to match the first batch perfectly was very difficult. Mixing too much paint was a waste of expensive materials. Because egg tempera dries very quickly, artists had to paint small areas at one time. The fast drying time made blending one color into another difficult, so artists layered one color over another dry color to create modeling; a way to give three-dimensionality to forms by shading or blending.</div>
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The limitations of tempera paint did not stop its use in Medieval Europe. Most artists were painting pictures of religious figures and these paintings were not meant to tell viewers what the saints looked like. The images were meant to <em>represent</em> the saints. As the Renaissance took hold, artists became more interested in describing what the world around them looked like in their paintings. As landscapes and real people began to appear in paintings, the problem of tempera became more apparent. Oil paint provided a solution.</div>
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<img alt="Game Stall at Market" border="1" height="154" src="http://www.renaissanceconnection.org/images/gameStall.jpg" width="250" /></div>
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Studio of Frans Snyders<br /><em>Game Stall at Market</em>, 1625/37<br />Oil on canvas</div>
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Oil paint was used as early as the 12th century in Northern Europe but its potential was not realized until 15th century painters in the Netherlands used oil paint to combine extraordinary realism with brilliant color. Oil paint is very flexible so it can be applied in both thick textured brushstrokes and thin fine detail. It dries very slowly, allowing artists to mix larger batches of paint and keep it for more than one painting session. Slow drying paint can be carefully blended to make soft, seamless shadows necessary for the modeling that suggests three-dimensional form. The oil in oil paint makes pigments translucent, allowing artists to apply colors in thin layers or glazes, generating rich, glowing colors. All these properties make it especially good for communicating textures of different surfaces from polished marble to sparkling eyes, from soft feathers to dazzling highlights on a crystal glass.</div>
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<strong>Is the Painting Cracking Up?</strong><br />If you've ever seen an old oil painting covered with thin, hairlike cracks, you've probably wondered — is the painting broken? Oil paint shrinks as it dries. Oil paint that is applied thickly may shrink so much that it cracks as it dries. So, if the first layer of paint is very thick, and thin layers are painted on top of it before it is <strong>totally</strong> dry, it will crack all the layers applied thereafter. As the paint continues to dry, the cracks will get bigger. As artists gained more experience working with oil paint, they learned to prevent cracking by painting thin, fast drying layers first and leaving the thick, slow drying layers for last.</div>
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As artists traveled between the Netherlands and Southern Europe, the techniques of oil painting spread and grew. Many artists used tempera to prepare most of the painting and then applied glazes of transparent oil paint over the tempera. As more and more artists used oil paint, tempera was used less and less. By 1800, artists no longer needed to mix their own paints. They could buy pre-mixed oil colors in tubes. While most painters today do not paint in the style of the Renaissance, they still largely prefer oil paint and draw on techniques and traditions that have been practiced for the last 500 years.</div>
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<br />Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-54447210172859655372012-03-30T10:53:00.000-07:002012-03-30T10:53:02.825-07:00OETA Oklahoma PBS will be airing our documentary<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAJsc7JUfabTOvLw_YUuXOGLvLZyodabGjYxkdHA19CXp5AqxiB3OqvlrwwnlOTzROvyChhWAPTC_WEwvQDllPsQWCTQ_4q5Q0Fzm9uQBhb-9F0VCt3DhDOZPyFYx_qqOdovyXpK8-sM5/s1600/quintus+&+fran.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvAJsc7JUfabTOvLw_YUuXOGLvLZyodabGjYxkdHA19CXp5AqxiB3OqvlrwwnlOTzROvyChhWAPTC_WEwvQDllPsQWCTQ_4q5Q0Fzm9uQBhb-9F0VCt3DhDOZPyFYx_qqOdovyXpK8-sM5/s400/quintus+&+fran.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Production still from our documentary, Fran Hardy interviews Quintus Herron about his preserve and the Museum of the Red River founded by Quintus and his wife Mary</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We just spoke with the programming director at OETA, Oklahoma Public Television this morning. They will be broadcasting our educational documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma" across the state of Oklahoma in September 2012. It will air on OETA and then multiple times on their other channel OKLA. <a href="http://www.oeta.tv/">http://www.oeta.tv/</a> They chose September to correlate with the the exhibition I am curating at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art September 15-October 28, 2012. The exhibition will include the artists we interviewed in the documentary as well as well as an installation of my work on the trees of Oklahoma. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwHYhZLlCzXIOuyVTicg-3_SpPnuphxgpFC97noMt-Njpqo55asWN7j03wjtQrJ0Jx3Pxvo6xpakUO7LHjm15YOSwT3IKXc-9Og01Dj07sqxokjglZD32baTwP-mhC47l2SUx2fBIF5T3s/s1600/horses.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwHYhZLlCzXIOuyVTicg-3_SpPnuphxgpFC97noMt-Njpqo55asWN7j03wjtQrJ0Jx3Pxvo6xpakUO7LHjm15YOSwT3IKXc-9Og01Dj07sqxokjglZD32baTwP-mhC47l2SUx2fBIF5T3s/s400/horses.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Production still of the Choctaw Ponies at Chahta Isuba Ranch near Antlers, OK</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.thespiritofblackjackmountain.com/">http://www.thespiritofblackjackmountain.com/</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNvzCRTVAgndviwromfla8NqepU3FgohivrHdjsOabvEdeajl-mjcqBm8EZ36K49RzU_8vJMtL6-3NCkNu3C4VgefJETCliQTsytPRPmXg2rh7oOi_7GsuRamo4xG2sQe9Za3AF2o1fhvI/s1600/Ian+Bowl.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNvzCRTVAgndviwromfla8NqepU3FgohivrHdjsOabvEdeajl-mjcqBm8EZ36K49RzU_8vJMtL6-3NCkNu3C4VgefJETCliQTsytPRPmXg2rh7oOi_7GsuRamo4xG2sQe9Za3AF2o1fhvI/s400/Ian+Bowl.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">One of Choctaw archeologist, Dr. Ian Thompson's, beautiful Choctaw pots at the Museum of the Red River</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.choctawnation.com/">http://www.choctawnation.com</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.museumoftheredriver.org/">http://www.museumoftheredriver.org</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDC3WRxlmHASyXz9yQwfYRPZlzKEOibXQO7USkv3zlMUEEKVecTwP4_7mN4XDdHpHDiHP3p0-HEqTwkQjEpVHpJ3hAXm83raXbTlC9L5TyqD1MVWuqW90QFPdVuI2JSJ3vnrWWFtyLoueF/s1600/fran+in+swamp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDC3WRxlmHASyXz9yQwfYRPZlzKEOibXQO7USkv3zlMUEEKVecTwP4_7mN4XDdHpHDiHP3p0-HEqTwkQjEpVHpJ3hAXm83raXbTlC9L5TyqD1MVWuqW90QFPdVuI2JSJ3vnrWWFtyLoueF/s400/fran+in+swamp.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Fran in the cypress swamp at Little River National wildlife refuge something that many would not expect to see in Oklahoma</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">For a glimpse of more about the people and places we visit:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/networklink.html">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/networklink.html</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">And again our sincere thanks to the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art for making all of this possible. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyGVrs9O_QJG0gMw6OKrC5Zkr31jFgF88YKmWfIkrw6DEAuvZu60kT0T4KuWVnQNf06otPQFb23X9awo_heEoXRX26Mpn2WtNv4Hl67M5hWw8v6pPMv4Hvos-IozewNmflxZNiiM1NxWlQ/s1600/mabee+gerrer+museum+collection.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyGVrs9O_QJG0gMw6OKrC5Zkr31jFgF88YKmWfIkrw6DEAuvZu60kT0T4KuWVnQNf06otPQFb23X9awo_heEoXRX26Mpn2WtNv4Hl67M5hWw8v6pPMv4Hvos-IozewNmflxZNiiM1NxWlQ/s400/mabee+gerrer+museum+collection.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.mgmoa.org/">http://www.mgmoa.org</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">To see our very short teaser: <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbOOEziTWFY&feature=relmfu">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JbOOEziTWFY&feature=relmfu</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
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</div>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-57214167736109157982012-03-23T17:28:00.004-07:002012-03-24T09:15:56.375-07:00Premiere Extraordinaire<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8yQWF_32icXRT8llJS-nrXb9bAQ2YNKn5xQm-vtKNyZgJywzsXEwOsjCKecxjZFlkGv0oXb3RSMq4YNEumQyK4KiU6RyEQ7gHgWf2av8zVS-iLLgaC3SKi6uzAwYEHgFMpafo8lhHVQKW/s1600/IMG_0030.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8yQWF_32icXRT8llJS-nrXb9bAQ2YNKn5xQm-vtKNyZgJywzsXEwOsjCKecxjZFlkGv0oXb3RSMq4YNEumQyK4KiU6RyEQ7gHgWf2av8zVS-iLLgaC3SKi6uzAwYEHgFMpafo8lhHVQKW/s400/IMG_0030.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">Co-producers Bob and Fran at the Q and A afterwards</div><br />
Our premiere of the "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artist's Process: Oklahoma" was a huge success with the audience coming from as far away as Texas and even a curator who was in town from LA. It was also very fun to see so many of the people we interviewed at the premiere. The projection in Sarkeys Performing Arts Center at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art was excellent. Bob and I did a Q and A afterwards with a reception before and after the airing of the film. DVD copies of the documentary can be obtained through the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art for $19.95 by calling them at 405-878-5300 or by visiting this wonderful museum in Shawnee, Oklahoma. <a href="http://www.mgmoa.org/">http://www.mgmoa.org</a> The proceeds from the sales of the DVD help to support the continuation of our project across the United States and also benefit the museum who sponsored our Oklahoma documentary and upcoming exhibit September 15- October 28, 2012.<br />
To see a list of the people and places in Oklahoma we visited you can also go to <a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/networklink.html">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.com/networklink.html</a> as well as previous blogposts.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFjZxVP_imAwRHJL_GYOzitihTenBw3Vzjlkiix3nLjEXrM2i0xGn61B8ngqxJe6u92w99FCnH0nHHbZEjwwPJ86AEdh09-ZF6uRnbJcqtT3BnQloocTI1Kc9F1Pm9ZvYdUDLjWuprAMqc/s1600/IMG_0006.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFjZxVP_imAwRHJL_GYOzitihTenBw3Vzjlkiix3nLjEXrM2i0xGn61B8ngqxJe6u92w99FCnH0nHHbZEjwwPJ86AEdh09-ZF6uRnbJcqtT3BnQloocTI1Kc9F1Pm9ZvYdUDLjWuprAMqc/s400/IMG_0006.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">At the reception, note the cowboy hats from Chahta Isuba Ranch and Fossil River Preserve.</div><div style="text-align: center;">These are the people who are working hard to save the Choctaw ponies.</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP1j_afXtmNmt8kk-q1e9JsAi9JGFhDRzXfOOiM242LR0KfI3oW7WVw0CNVUzNKYIpf09bUO5Wb_BwF-T_x9IM9SZeg_cTfNiGZx_YS3uH4KCPujDuZN9q0mbL6q0UgHDReQHeJEDHgzVC/s1600/IMG_0008.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjP1j_afXtmNmt8kk-q1e9JsAi9JGFhDRzXfOOiM242LR0KfI3oW7WVw0CNVUzNKYIpf09bUO5Wb_BwF-T_x9IM9SZeg_cTfNiGZx_YS3uH4KCPujDuZN9q0mbL6q0UgHDReQHeJEDHgzVC/s400/IMG_0008.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">a great spread and some of you may recognize yourselves</div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK0tjKEOefy5kivQkd-jnRfrHysOrxrROp04kTtOWnqXVwtHyp3SprufLJouk1iX7fcRliD1xbqCyE9FUvcfNVx5kHEesMlG5bxdINqphQNwi-NGrt1qqOQc7cGfydgUGBuGBO1Ahcm9-S/s1600/IMG_0010.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK0tjKEOefy5kivQkd-jnRfrHysOrxrROp04kTtOWnqXVwtHyp3SprufLJouk1iX7fcRliD1xbqCyE9FUvcfNVx5kHEesMlG5bxdINqphQNwi-NGrt1qqOQc7cGfydgUGBuGBO1Ahcm9-S/s400/IMG_0010.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;">We felt honored that some people drove all the way from Texas as well as all across the state of Oklahoma. Henry Moy, Director of the Museum of the Red River was there as well as Bill Mercer, noted anthropologist and curator. While he was at the Portland Art Museum as Curator of Native American Art, Bill wrote the stunning book "People of the River, Native Arts of the Oregon Territory". </div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3UqxGtSuPZAw-dD-Ho4OPfaU4Yz2UAHR4kFcrXTn13C-nsqLVfanTSXSHBwf22ryVQSdxVuuQ8uD1pvn7I4Ij3abSNgrdf9AtqKiRhFNLfpiSgdCY-9udT1W_63WOYkbX0mR5j5GXAprg/s1600/IMG_0017.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3UqxGtSuPZAw-dD-Ho4OPfaU4Yz2UAHR4kFcrXTn13C-nsqLVfanTSXSHBwf22ryVQSdxVuuQ8uD1pvn7I4Ij3abSNgrdf9AtqKiRhFNLfpiSgdCY-9udT1W_63WOYkbX0mR5j5GXAprg/s400/IMG_0017.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">the theater beginning to fill up with Dane Pollei, Director and Chief Curator of the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in the foreground</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeqKBiv3niKhxmUtyABlUAKEowD-cVRQpeoTzOKaGHqgikPlWEFNICdNelNI41m41rjRaXCvGT-AIkQtd2k5TNwaVeWgDcWfuR2safEmm8CxbKzjJQ3uDUSHqHc3iEOjgpVce7JNU1MrgF/s1600/IMG_0032.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeqKBiv3niKhxmUtyABlUAKEowD-cVRQpeoTzOKaGHqgikPlWEFNICdNelNI41m41rjRaXCvGT-AIkQtd2k5TNwaVeWgDcWfuR2safEmm8CxbKzjJQ3uDUSHqHc3iEOjgpVce7JNU1MrgF/s400/IMG_0032.JPG" width="266" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">more shots of Bob Demboski and Fran Hardy co-producers at the Q and A afterwards</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">(Question and Answer)</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J52s9Jc_s7g">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J52s9Jc_s7g</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">a short youtube by the museum of a very small portion of our Q and A</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFXxGVrCVlmnF5TmFJMUA6GAq6klTvPx3Vo2pTNRIe-FR3rWH_QFEXhNWhuKi5POHEOJ3D_X9dVXhd-3dzFB1d-LHMbkdra4aXX-8OYS1IbNaAuZrPw7GdVY9hyphenhyphen5NFH8ohyOoFJHxLJH1o/s1600/IMG_0026.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFXxGVrCVlmnF5TmFJMUA6GAq6klTvPx3Vo2pTNRIe-FR3rWH_QFEXhNWhuKi5POHEOJ3D_X9dVXhd-3dzFB1d-LHMbkdra4aXX-8OYS1IbNaAuZrPw7GdVY9hyphenhyphen5NFH8ohyOoFJHxLJH1o/s400/IMG_0026.JPG" width="266" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The museum printed out a 24 page booklet to accompany the premiere with information about all the places we visited and people we interviewed. It is important to us to get the word out about all these worthy causes, projects and preserves. We also want the individual to be inspired to realize that they can do something in their own sphere of influence to help support art, ecological sustainability and cultural preservation and how intertwined and intricate the web that binds them together is.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">For more about us:</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://earthchroniclesproject.com/">http://earthchroniclesproject.com</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.earthchroniclesproject.blogspot.com/">http://www.earthchroniclesproject.blogspot.com</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> follow us to keep up on our documentaries and exhibits </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.franhardy.com/">http://www.franhardy.com</a> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">see my work with ancient trees and forests</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiYPMuSA7qGpOcpp38HLDAiZsoWNiiB-4fn_Lyu6pbPBcYeMLI_UbUzlJuZn0qHm79RktMuVnFZcJymFsVDHqSqAGoeH3kl2NnTnCiRuOJy00ftd0nsXl6qFSaEQPT9pZpRyfEPkYi_d5Q/s1600/NewsLetter+Header.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiYPMuSA7qGpOcpp38HLDAiZsoWNiiB-4fn_Lyu6pbPBcYeMLI_UbUzlJuZn0qHm79RktMuVnFZcJymFsVDHqSqAGoeH3kl2NnTnCiRuOJy00ftd0nsXl6qFSaEQPT9pZpRyfEPkYi_d5Q/s640/NewsLetter+Header.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://books.google.com/books/about/People_of_the_river.html?id=GUR-QgAACAAJ">http://books.google.com/books/about/People_of_the_river.html?id=GUR-QgAACAAJ</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">People of the River is the first major publication to focus exclusively on the rich artistic traditions of the Native Americans who traditionally lived along the lower Columbia River from the mouth of the Snake River to the Pacific Ocean. In this richly illustrated volume, author Bill Mercer eloquently describes the Columbia River art style as an indigenous development that emerged over the course of countless generations and whose forms reveal a unique combination of designs, motifs, materials, and techniques. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><br />
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</div>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6534577660577205879.post-61427784593161389972012-03-09T10:02:00.001-08:002012-03-11T15:58:15.182-07:00Twisted, Tangled Forests of Cast Iron<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5hZnRaaiaP2Mcl_Rd-jxM8-84G9TxOtgKx-JtF9Fovss7VagfNhY5iWkP1smJ3_08-XoZOMX37YNZmlhIjKxIGDM8ad5ChbDAOsZLXV8Jjv_Af1bcLTly8Et3QPWBkCpNgdnGZlw09378/s1600/Crosstimbers+72.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="327" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5hZnRaaiaP2Mcl_Rd-jxM8-84G9TxOtgKx-JtF9Fovss7VagfNhY5iWkP1smJ3_08-XoZOMX37YNZmlhIjKxIGDM8ad5ChbDAOsZLXV8Jjv_Af1bcLTly8Et3QPWBkCpNgdnGZlw09378/s400/Crosstimbers+72.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">"Crosstimbers", 46" x 56", colored pencil on acrylic ground</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">by Fran Hardy copyright</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Washington Irving described the Crosstimbers as 'vexations of flesh and spirit' and said 'they struggled through forests of cast iron' when he had to traverse them in 1832. They once covered 30,000 square miles of Oklahoma, Texas and Kansas but are now primarily confined to two preserves. One is the Keystone Ancient Forest, founded by the Oklahoma Nature Conservancy and managed by the parks department of Sand Springs, about fifteen minutes from Tulsa. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/keystone-ancient-forest-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/keystone-ancient-forest-preserve.xml</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The Crosstimbers can also be found in the ravines of the Nature Conservancy's Tallgrass Prairie Preserve. <a href="http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/tallgrass-prairie-preserve.xml">http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/oklahoma/placesweprotect/tallgrass-prairie-preserve.xml</a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This painting that I did for my series of Oklahoma trees will be part of a group exhibition I am curating at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art. It depicts the twisting gnarled oak trees of this forest of post oak and cedar. Many are 300 to 500 years old but because of the harsh windy and drought-stricken climate they have endured do not look that old or massive. The exhibition September 15-October 28, 2012 will also contain the work of Oklahoma artists that we interviewed in our documentary "Earth Chronicles Project, The Artists's Process: Oklahoma". I will tell you more about the artists included in the exhibition in upcoming blog posts. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrYlmGkSNKDhmdQci52wuFPdc-CGE70BGlVyLqvWKEBK-XFpv6IIHUOhNDdy8bQvQTZBPbFUqKuXnI_mq753mfp2TBqhRs0ebttrzmFaWPr9i9lKmzVnMcL9CV964BGDHDHhq3MEUvjAli/s1600/Crosstimbers+crop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="353" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrYlmGkSNKDhmdQci52wuFPdc-CGE70BGlVyLqvWKEBK-XFpv6IIHUOhNDdy8bQvQTZBPbFUqKuXnI_mq753mfp2TBqhRs0ebttrzmFaWPr9i9lKmzVnMcL9CV964BGDHDHhq3MEUvjAli/s640/Crosstimbers+crop.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">Detail of "Crosstimbers" by Fran Hardy copyright</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Usually creatures and spirits emerge unbidden as I draw but in this piece I intentionally added a few. I want to start studying more about how mythology has been created around trees in various cultures and to also write my own inspired by my paintings of trees. We will see what emerges from this..........</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;">How wikipedia describes it now versus the vast forest it once was:</div><div style="text-align: left;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers</a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;"></span></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">The term <b>Cross Timbers</b> is used to describe a strip of land in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="United States">United States</a> that runs from southeastern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> across <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Oklahoma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Central Oklahoma">Central Oklahoma</a> to Central Texas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[1]</a></sup> Made up of a mix of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Prairie">prairie</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savanna" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Savanna">savanna</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodland" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Woodland">woodland</a>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oklamap_1-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-oklamap-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-texasmap_2-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-texasmap-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a></sup> it forms part of the boundary between the more heavily forested eastern country and the almost treeless <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a>,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oklamap_1-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-oklamap-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-texasmap_2-1" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-texasmap-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-kansasmap_3-0" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-kansasmap-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[4]</a></sup> and also marks the western <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Habitat">habitat</a> limit of many<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Mammal">mammals</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Insect">insects</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oklamap_1-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-oklamap-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;">No major metropolitan areas lie wholly within the Cross Timbers, although roughly the western half of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas-Fort_Worth_Metroplex" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex">Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex</a> does, including the cities of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Worth" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fort Worth">Fort Worth</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denton,_TX" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Denton, TX">Denton</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arlington,_TX" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Arlington, TX">Arlington</a>, and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weatherford,_TX" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Weatherford, TX">Weatherford</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-texasmap_2-2" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-texasmap-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[3]</a></sup> The western <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suburb" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Suburb">suburbs</a> of the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulsa_metropolitan_area" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Tulsa metropolitan area">Tulsa metropolitan area</a> and the northeastern suburbs of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma_City_metropolitan_area" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Oklahoma City metropolitan area">Oklahoma City metropolitan area</a> also lie within this area.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oklamap_1-3" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-oklamap-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup> The main highways that cross the region are <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-35" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="I-35">I-35</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-35W" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="I-35W">I-35W</a> going north to south (although they tend to skirt the Cross Timbers' eastern fringe south of Fort Worth) and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-40" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="I-40">I-40</a> going east to west. Numerous <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Highways" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="U.S. Highways">U.S. Highways</a> also cross the area.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-oklamap_1-4" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-oklamap-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[2]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-texasmap_2-3" style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Timbers#cite_note-texasmap-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;"><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">[</span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: #0645ad;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-origin: initial; white-space: nowrap;">3</span></span><span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; white-space: nowrap;">]</span></a></sup></div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><br />
</div><div style="line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.4em;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallgrass_prairie">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tallgrass_prairie</a></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px;">The <b>tallgrass prairie</b> is an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Ecosystem">ecosystem</a> native to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Central United States">central</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="North America">North America</a>, with fire as its primary periodic disturbance. In the past, tallgrass <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prairie" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Prairie">prairies</a> covered a large portion of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Midwestern United States">American Midwest</a>, just east of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Plains" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Great Plains">Great Plains</a>, and portions of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_Prairies" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Canadian Prairies">Canadian Prairies</a>. They flourished in areas with rich <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Loess">loess</a> soils and moderate rainfall of around 760 to 890 mm (30 to 35 in) per year. To the east were the<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_ecology" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Fire ecology">fire-maintained</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_savannas_of_the_United_States" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Eastern savannas of the United States">eastern savannas</a>. In the northeast, where fire was infrequent and periodic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windthrow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Windthrow">windthrow</a> represented the main source of disturbance, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beech-maple_forest" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Beech-maple forest">beech-maple forests</a> dominated. In contrast, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortgrass_prairie" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none;" title="Shortgrass prairie">shortgrass prairie</a> was typical in the western Great Plains, where rainfall is less frequent and soils are less fertile.</span>Fran Hardyhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12331724142332479505noreply@blogger.com0